Chapter 10 - Motivation and Emotion
what are motives?-✔✔ needs, wants, interests, and desires that propel people toward
a specific behavior
what is motivation?-✔✔ a set of factors or motives (internal and external) that cause an
individual to behave a certain way
or
the psychological feature that arouses us to action toward a desired goal and elicits,
controls, and sustains certain goal directed behaviours
what are the four motivational theories? (4)-✔✔ drive theories
incentive theories
evolutionary theories
humanistic theories
what is need?-✔✔ a deprevation that energizes the drive to eliminate or reduce the
deprevation
what is drive?-✔✔ an internal state of tension that occurs because of a physiological
need
what is the drive theory of motivation?-✔✔ physiological need creates an aroused state
that drives the organism to satisfy the need
what is incentive?-✔✔ positive or negative stimulus that has the capacity to motivate
behaviour
ex. A+ on a test, money, food
what is the incentive theory of motivation?-✔✔ regulation by external stimuli
pulled by external incentives that lure / repel us
what is the evolutionary theory of motivation?-✔✔ motivation aimed at promoting
survival of the individual’s genes, maximizing reproductive success
, what is the humanistic theory of motivation?-✔✔ people are motivated to fulfill basic
needs before moving on to other, more advanced needs
what is maslow’s hierarchy of needs? (5)-✔✔
what type of satisfaction matters more in wealthy nations?-✔✔ home-life satisfaction
what type of satisfation matters in poorer nations?-✔✔ financial satisfaction
what is self-determination theory?-✔✔ a theory concerned with the motivation behind
the choices that people make without any external influence and interference
focuses on the degree to which an individual’s behaviour is self-motivated and
self-determined
what are the three innate psychological needs proposed in the self-determination
theory? (3)-✔✔ need for competence (succeeding at tasks)
need for autonomy (having a choice)
need for relatedness ( mutual respect and reliance with others)
what is extrinsic motivation?-✔✔ when an activity is done to attain some seperable
outcome (doing an activity because of its instrumental value)
ex. getting paid, avoiding punishment
what is intrinsic motivation?-✔✔ engaging in an activity for it’s inherent satisfaction
ex. drawing, sport (for the fun, not the award)
what is the facial-feedback hypothesis?-✔✔ our body tells our brain how we are
feeling, and our brain tells our body how we are feeling, “bi-directional influence”
what are the 5 theories of emotion? (5)-✔✔ common sense theory
james-lange theory
cannon-bard theory
schacter’s two-factor theory
evolutionary theory
what is the common sense theory of emotion?-✔✔ emotion then arousal
“I tremble because I feel afraid”
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