Anemia - ANSWER-Decrease in total number of erythrocytes in circulation blood
or quality or quantity of hemoglobin
Classifications of anemia - ANSWER-microcytic, normocytic, macrocytic
microcytic hypochromic anemia - ANSWER-Disorders of hemoglobin synthesis,
iron deficiency
, macrocytic anemia - ANSWER-Abnormal maturation of erythrocyte precursors on
bone marrow, usually due to deficiency in B12 and/or folate which affects DNA
synthesis
normocytic normochromic anemia - ANSWER-Characterized by red cells that are
relatively normal in size and hemoglobin content but insufficient in number, shape
of RBC helps determine cause/type
anisocytosis - ANSWER-presence of red blood cells of various sizes
poikilocytosis - ANSWER-condition characterized by red blood cells in a variety
of shapes
Eryptosis - ANSWER-premature death of damaged erythrocytes
intrinsic factor - ANSWER-Protein transporter necessary for absorption of vitamin
B12
pernicious anemia (PA) - ANSWER-Chronic, progressive anemia found mostly in
people older than age 50 resulting from a lack of sufficient vitamin B12 needed
for blood cell development. Usually related to lack of intrinsic factor from gastric
parietal cells required for absorption.
Erythropoiesis - ANSWER-production of red blood cells
Hematopoiesis - ANSWER-blood cell formation in bone marrow
Hemostasis - ANSWER-to stop or control bleeding
Mechanism of hemostasis - ANSWER-1. Blood vessel wall injured, collagen
fibers exposed at damaged site
2. Release of *endothelin* (vasoconstrictor) & von Willebrand (vWF) which bonds
exposed collagen fibers
3. Platelets adhere to exposed collagen *by binding to vWF* and they get
activated (*platelet activation*)
- platelet shape transformation
- platelet degranulation (a/d granules)
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