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Samenvatting internationaal privaatrecht
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Dit is een volledige samenvatting van alle lessen internationaal privaatrecht (ook het online gastcollege werd hierin verwerkt).
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Internationaal privaatrechtI
,Inhoudsopgave
Inleiding........................................................................................................................................................ 1
Praktische richtlijnen............................................................................................................................................1
lesinhoud: overzicht..............................................................................................................................................2
HFST 1: Inleiding, bronnen en begrippen........................................................................................................ 3
IPR: internationaal en privaat..............................................................................................................................3
De grote drie/ vier.................................................................................................................................................3
Werk- en denkmethode...................................................................................................................................4
HFST 2: bronnen van het internationaal privaatrecht.....................................................................................4
Rechtsbronnen: hiërarchie....................................................................................................................................4
Primeert verdrag of EU-wetgeving? -> hoe bepaal je of een verdrag of een regel van het unierecht
voorrang heeft?................................................................................................................................................5
Europeanisering van het IPR.................................................................................................................................6
1) Meer EU-wetgeving in het IPR.....................................................................................................................6
2) Beginselen van het EU-recht........................................................................................................................7
3) Rechtspraak van het Hof van Justitie...........................................................................................................8
Internationale bronnen.........................................................................................................................................9
1) Multilaterale IPR-verdragen.........................................................................................................................9
2) Bilaterlae IPR-verdragen.............................................................................................................................10
3) IPR-bepalingen in andere verdragen..........................................................................................................10
4) verdragen die Uniform recht invoeren......................................................................................................10
5) Mensenrechtenverdragen..........................................................................................................................11
Nationale bronnen..............................................................................................................................................11
1) Belgisch Wetboek Internationaal Privaatrecht..........................................................................................11
2) IPR in bijzondere/ andere wetten..............................................................................................................11
één casus, vele bronnen.................................................................................................................................12
Relevante IPR-begrippen....................................................................................................................................12
Woonplaats....................................................................................................................................................12
Gewone verblijfplaats.....................................................................................................................................13
Nationaliteit....................................................................................................................................................14
HFST 3: Internationale bevoegdheid............................................................................................................. 16
Wat is internationale bevoegdheid?..................................................................................................................16
Toepassingsgebied verordening en verdragen...................................................................................................17
Brussel Ibis......................................................................................................................................................18
Brussel Iibis/ Brussel IIter...............................................................................................................................20
Onderhoud-Vo................................................................................................................................................22
Erfrechtverordening.......................................................................................................................................23
Huwelijksvermogen-Vo..................................................................................................................................23
Partnerschapsvermogen-Vo...........................................................................................................................24
Verdragen...........................................................................................................................................................25
II
, Verdrag van Lugano........................................................................................................................................25
Haags kinderbeschermingsverdrag................................................................................................................25
Haags Forumbedingenverdrag.......................................................................................................................27
OEFENINGEN.......................................................................................................................................................28
CASUS 1 – GEEF TOEPASSELIJKE BRON..........................................................................................................28
Casus 2 – geef toepasselijke bron..................................................................................................................29
Casus 3 – geef toepasselijke bron..................................................................................................................29
Bevoegdheidsladder...........................................................................................................................................29
Bevoegdheidsladder Brussel Ibis....................................................................................................................30
Bevoegdheidsladder Brussel IIter...................................................................................................................32
Bevoegdheidsladder onderhoud-vo...............................................................................................................34
Bevoegdheidsladder Erfrecht-Vo...................................................................................................................36
Bevoegdheidsladder Huwelijksvermogen-Vo................................................................................................36
Wetboek IPR...................................................................................................................................................37
HFST 4: Toepasselijk recht............................................................................................................................ 39
Conflictenrechtelijke methode............................................................................................................................39
Hoe vinden we het toepasselijk recht?..........................................................................................................39
Kwalificatie.....................................................................................................................................................40
Verwijzingsregel en aanknoping van een rechtssysteem..............................................................................41
Complicaties bij de conflictenrechtelijke methode.............................................................................................44
Renvoi.............................................................................................................................................................44
Toepassing van het aangewezen materieel recht..............................................................................................45
Toepassing buitenlands recht.........................................................................................................................46
Afwijken van het normaal toepasselijk buitenlandse recht...............................................................................47
Vervangende rol lex fori.................................................................................................................................47
Openbare orde-exceptie................................................................................................................................47
Voorrangsregels..............................................................................................................................................48
Nauwst verbonden recht................................................................................................................................50
Waar vinden we de verwijzingsregels?..........................................................................................................51
IPR verdragen.................................................................................................................................................54
HFST 5: Erkenning uitvoerbaarheid............................................................................................................... 55
Wat?...................................................................................................................................................................55
Overzicht.............................................................................................................................................................55
Onderscheid – kwalificatie..................................................................................................................................55
Gradaties van doorwerking................................................................................................................................56
Feitelijk gevolg................................................................................................................................................56
Bewijskracht...................................................................................................................................................56
Erkenning – bindende kracht.........................................................................................................................58
Uitvoerbaarheid – uitvoerbare kracht............................................................................................................59
Waar vinden we de regels?................................................................................................................................61
Brussel Ibis......................................................................................................................................................61
Brussel IIbis.....................................................................................................................................................63
Brussel IIter.....................................................................................................................................................64
III
, Onderhoud-Vo................................................................................................................................................64
Erfrecht-Vo Huwelijksvermogen-Vo Partnervermogen-Vo............................................................................64
Enkele internationale verdragen....................................................................................................................65
Rechterlijke beslissingen................................................................................................................................66
Authentieke akten..........................................................................................................................................67
Toepassing..........................................................................................................................................................68
HFST 6: Grensoverschrijdende betekening en kennisgeving van stukken.......................................................70
Kader: Justitiële samenwerking in burgerlijke en handelszaken binnen de EU..................................................70
Nieuwigheden verordening nr 2020/1784.....................................................................................................71
Toepassingsgebied.........................................................................................................................................71
5 wijzen van betekening of kennisgeving van stukken.......................................................................................73
1) Betekening via verzendende en ontvangende instanties..........................................................................74
2) consulaire of diplomatieke verzending/ betekening.................................................................................74
3) Betekening of kennisgeving door postdiensten (art 18)............................................................................75
4) Elektronische betekening...........................................................................................................................75
5) Rechtstreekse betekening of kennisgeving................................................................................................76
Weigeringsrecht van geadresseerde (taal)........................................................................................................76
1) Principe - recht weigering stuk door geadresseerde indien:.....................................................................76
2) Informatieverstrekking...............................................................................................................................76
3) Uitoefening van het weigeringsrecht.........................................................................................................77
4) beoordeling weigeringsrecht.....................................................................................................................77
5) Regularisatie...............................................................................................................................................77
Datum van betekening.......................................................................................................................................78
Betekeningsverordening................................................................................................................................78
Codificatie systeem dubbele datum in Belgische recht......................................................................................78
Dubbele datum betekeningsverordening......................................................................................................78
HFST 7: Internationale bewijsverkrijging na de herziene bewijsverordening..................................................79
Inleiding..............................................................................................................................................................79
Beginselen van de bewijsverordening................................................................................................................79
Ruime interpretatie van ‘bewijsverkrijging’...................................................................................................79
Toenadering van nationaal procesrecht.........................................................................................................79
Effectiviteit bij interpretatie nationaal procesrecht.......................................................................................80
Vrije keuze voor de meest performante weg.................................................................................................80
De herziene bewijsverordening..........................................................................................................................81
Toepassingsgebied.........................................................................................................................................81
Verzending en uitvoering van verzoeken.......................................................................................................82
Slot......................................................................................................................................................................87
HFST 8: Personen......................................................................................................................................... 88
Staat en bekwaamheid.......................................................................................................................................88
Wat?...............................................................................................................................................................88
Internationale bevoegdheid Belgische rechter..............................................................................................88
Toepasselijk recht...........................................................................................................................................89
IV
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