Summary
Summary AQA A level psychology memory - retrieval failure
- Course
- Institution
Summary of 2 pages for the course Memory at AQA (Detailed A01 + A03)
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
suheyla-2
Content preview
L6 - retrieval failure (RF) :This is a form of forgetting = occurs when we don’t have necessary cues to access memories
Memory is available but inaccessible unless suitable cue is provided
Cue = refers to a trigger of information that allows us to access a memory - these can be
meaning ful or indirectly encoded when it was learned
Cues can be external (environment in which we learned something new) or internal (mood
/emotions at time of learning)
Tulving’s encoding specificity principle : states that a cue has to be present at encoding and at
retrieval
If the cue is not present / slightly different at retrieval or encoding information will be forgotten
Cues learnt in a meaningful way / non meaningful:
1. context dependant forgetting (CDE) - recall depends on external cues
2. State dependant forgetting - recall depends on internal cues
Study into context dependant forgetting study into state dependant forgetting
Godden and baddeley carter and cassaday (1998)
A: wanted to see if context improves recall A: see if taking a drug that causes mild
P: 18 ppts = all members of a diving club. drowsiness would impact ppts ability to learn
divers has to listen to list of 36 unrelated and recall new information
words either on beach or underwater P: group of ppts antihistamine drugs - treats
4 group of ppts hay fever, which has a mild sedative effect =
1. dry-dry ppts feel drowsy
2. Wet-wet Creating internal psychological state =
3. Dry-wet different to normal state - alert and aware
4. Wet-dry
R: environment you are in can act as a trigger Used independent measure design
to recalling memories
C: context of learning acts as a trigger or cue 1. learn on drug - recall on drug
when trying to remember information 2. Learn on drug - recall not on drug
3. Learn not on drug - recall on drug
4. Learn not on drug - recall not on drug
R + C : recall worse where state at which they
encoded and retrieved it are different
Concluded that when cues are absent
(state/feeling) levels of forgetting is more
likely
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller suheyla-2. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $7.69. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
62890 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now