Math Praxis 5003 Vocabulary
Natural Numbers - CORRECT ANSWER-those numbers we typcally use to count
1,2,3
Whole Numbers - CORRECT ANSWER-Natural numbers and zero (0, 1, 2, 3)
Integers - CORRECT ANSWER-Whole numbers and their corresponding
negatives (0..-3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3...)
Fractions - CORRECT ANSWER-Portions of integers, expressed with a
numerator and a denominator 1/4, 1/2, etc)
Decimals - CORRECT ANSWER-Portions of integers, expressed as numbers
following a decimal point (0.5, 0.67, etc).
Even Numbers - CORRECT ANSWER-Integers divisible by two (...-6, -4, -2, 2, 4,
6)
Odd numbers - CORRECT ANSWER-integers that are not divisible by two (...-7,
-5, -3, 3, 5 etc)
Rational Numbers - CORRECT ANSWER-are all integers and fractions
Irrational Numbers - CORRECT ANSWER-any numbers that cannot be
expressed as fractions, such as an infinite, non-repeating decimal
Order of Operations - CORRECT ANSWER-PEMDAS
Step 1: Order of operations - CORRECT ANSWER-P: Parentheses - do
everything in parentheses first. If there is more than one operation inside the
parentheses do PEMDAS order
Step 2: Order of operations - CORRECT ANSWER-E: Exponents - deal with any
exponents next (squared)
,Step 3: Order of operations - CORRECT ANSWER-M/D: Multiply and divide. This
can be done in the same step as one another.
Step 4: Order of operations - CORRECT ANSWER-A/D: Addition & Subtration.
This can be done in the same step as one another.
Factors - CORRECT ANSWER-whole numbers that are multiplied together to get
a product. Ex: The factors of 16 are 1, 2, 3, 8 & 16.
The process of breaking a # down is factoring
Whole numbers can be classified by how many factors they have as either being
prime or composite numbers
Prime Number - CORRECT ANSWER-#'s (other than 0 & 1) that have only two
factors, themselves and 1.
Ex: 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 11...
Composite Numbers - CORRECT ANSWER-any positive integers that are not
prime, meaning they have more than two factors.
4, 6, 8, 9, 10...
Greatest Common Factor (GCF) - CORRECT ANSWER-when comparing the
factors of two numbers, the largest factor they have in common is the GCF
Factors of 20: 1. 2. 4. 5. 10. 20
Factors of 24: 1.2.3.4.6.8.12.24
GCF=4
Least Common Multiple (LCM) - CORRECT ANSWER-when comparing the
multiples of two numbers, the smallest multiple they have in common is the LCM
Multiples of 3: 3,6,9,12,15, 18, 21
Multiples of 5: 5,10, 15, 20,
, LCM=15
Ratio - CORRECT ANSWER-Can be expressed in word, as a fraction, or as two
numbers seperated by a colon.
The ration "one to three" is the same as "1/3" is the same as "1:3"
Proportion - CORRECT ANSWER-two ratios set equal to each other. Proportions
are often expressed as two fraction with an = in between.
1/3 = 2/6
Unknown Proportions - CORRECT ANSWER-solve with cross-multiplying
Ratio of cats to dogs in a pet is 3 to 2. If there are 12 cats how many dogs are
there?
3/2 = 12/x
3x=12x2
3x=24
X=8
There are 8 dogs
Percentage formula - CORRECT ANSWER-% / 100 = part/whole
It is solved by cross multiplying
Arithmetic Sequence (Number pattern) - CORRECT ANSWER-The same value
is added each time
1, 4, 9, 13 (add 4 each time)
Geometric Sequence (Number Pattern) - CORRECT ANSWER-The same value
is multiplied each time
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