Praxis II Elementary Ed: Math
Cardinal number - CORRECT ANSWER-Tells how many. Example: 9 players on
a baseball team
Ordinal number - CORRECT ANSWER-a number used to tell order or sequence,
1st 2nd, 3rd....
Base system - CORRECT ANSWER-A place-value system in which each place
value is 10 times larger than the place value to its right.
Scientific notation - CORRECT ANSWER-using powers of 10 to express large
numbers (43,700 is 4.37x10 to the 4)
Prime number - CORRECT ANSWER-a whole number that has exactly two
factors, 1 and itself. (ex: 2, 3, 5...)
Composite number - CORRECT ANSWER-a whole number greater than 1 that
has more than 2 factors. (opposite of prime numbers...4, 6, 8...)
Greatest common factor - CORRECT ANSWER-The largest factor that two or
more numbers have in common.
Least common multiple - CORRECT ANSWER-the smallest multiple that is
exactly divisible by every member of a set of numbers (of 12 and 18 , the least
common multiple is 36)
Equivalent forms - CORRECT ANSWER-a number can be represented in more
than one way (2, 4/2...or...1/2,%50,.5...)
Factor tree - CORRECT ANSWER-showing the prime factors of a number in a
simple diagram
Commutative property - CORRECT ANSWER-The order of two numbers may be
switched around and the answer is the same. (a+b=b+a)
, Associative property - CORRECT ANSWER-changing the grouping does not
change their sum or product (a+b)c=(c+a)b
Distributive property - CORRECT ANSWER-a property indicating a special way
in which multiplication is applied to addition of two or more numbers in which
each term inside a set of parentheses can be multiplied by a factor outside the
parentheses, such as a(b + c) = ab + ac
Order of operations - CORRECT ANSWER-PEMDAS, Please excuse my dear
aunt sally; parenthesis, exponents, multiplication, division, addition, subtraction
Modeling operations - CORRECT ANSWER-concerte method- working with real
objects
semiconcrete- the students work with visual reps
semiabstract method-the students work with a symbol (tally marks) to represent
objects
Strategies for solving mathematical problems - CORRECT ANSWER-drawing a
picture, working backwards, finding a pattern, adding lines to a geometric
figure...)
Negative of an expression - CORRECT ANSWER-x-3 would be 3-x
Reciprocal - CORRECT ANSWER-one of a pair of numbers whose product is 1:
the reciprocal of 2/3 is 3/2
0/1 - CORRECT ANSWER-equal to zero
1/0 - CORRECT ANSWER-can't divide a number by zero, doesn't equal a
number
to the zero power - CORRECT ANSWER-equal to one
Pascal's triangle - CORRECT ANSWER-a triangular arrangement of numbers in
which every row starts and ends with 1 and each other number is the sum of the
number above it
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