Deze samenvatting omvat powerpoints, lesnotities en het boek van het vak strafvordering gedoceerd door Philip Traest in de 2e bachelor aan UGent.
Geslaagd in eerste zit met 13/20 !!!
STRAFVORDERING
Inhoudsopgave
TITEL 3. ALGEMENE BEGINSELEN STRAFPROCESRECHT
HOOFDSTUK 1: DEFINITIE..........................................................................................................................................7
1. Begrip............................................................................................................................................................................................7
2. Onderscheid tussen materieel en formeel strafrecht...................................................................................................................8
3. Doelstellingen van het strafproces...............................................................................................................................................8
HOOFDSTUK 2: ACCUSATOIRE EN INQUISITOIRE STRAFRECHTSPLEGING...................................................................8
HOOFDSTUK 3: VERLOOP VAN HET STRAFPROCES.....................................................................................................9
1. Vooronderzoek..............................................................................................................................................................................9
a. Doel van het vooronderzoek...................................................................................................................................................10
b. Twee types..............................................................................................................................................................................10
c. Kenmerken van het vooronderzoek:.......................................................................................................................................10
2. Onderzoek ten gronde................................................................................................................................................................11
a. Algemeen.................................................................................................................................................................................11
b. Kenmerken onderzoek ten gronde:........................................................................................................................................11
HOOFDSTUK 4: ACTOREN IN HET STRAFPROCES......................................................................................................12
1. De verdachte...............................................................................................................................................................................12
De advocaat.................................................................................................................................................................................13
2. Het slachtoffer.............................................................................................................................................................................13
3. De burgerlijk aansprakelijke partij..............................................................................................................................................14
4. De tussenkomende partij............................................................................................................................................................15
5. De politie.....................................................................................................................................................................................15
a. Taken.......................................................................................................................................................................................15
b. Statuut.....................................................................................................................................................................................16
6. Het openbaar ministerie.............................................................................................................................................................16
a. Algemeen.................................................................................................................................................................................16
b. Taken.......................................................................................................................................................................................17
c. Statuut.....................................................................................................................................................................................17
d. Overzicht.................................................................................................................................................................................18
7. De onderzoeksrechter.................................................................................................................................................................20
a. Taken.......................................................................................................................................................................................20
b. Statuut.....................................................................................................................................................................................21
c. Toezicht...................................................................................................................................................................................21
8. De onderzoeksgerechten............................................................................................................................................................21
a. Raadkamer...............................................................................................................................................................................21
b. Kamer van inbeschuldigingstelling..........................................................................................................................................21
9. Vonnisgerechten.........................................................................................................................................................................22
a. Indeling van de vonnisgerechten............................................................................................................................................22
b. Samenstelling en bevoegdheid...............................................................................................................................................22
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,HOOFDSTUK 5: BELEIDSORGANEN...........................................................................................................................24
1. Minister van Justitie....................................................................................................................................................................24
2. College van procureurs-generaal (in 1997 wettelijk geregeld)...................................................................................................25
3. Procureur des Konings................................................................................................................................................................25
4. Raad van Procureurs des Konings...............................................................................................................................................25
DEEL I. DE RECHTEN VAN DE VERDEDIGING IN STRAFZAKEN...................................................................................26
1. Recht op een onafhankelijke en onpartijdige rechter................................................................................................................26
a. Onafhankelijkheid...................................................................................................................................................................26
b. Onpartijdigheid.......................................................................................................................................................................26
2. Recht op de behandeling van zijn zaak binnen een redelijke termijn........................................................................................26
a. Beoordeling van de redelijkheid van de duur van het proces................................................................................................27
b. Sanctie bij overschrijding van redelijke termijn......................................................................................................................27
DEEL II. DE VORDERINGEN DIE UIT HET MISDRIJF VOORTVLOEIEN..........................................................................28
HOOFDSTUK 1: STRAFVORDERING..........................................................................................................................28
1. Algemene beginselen..................................................................................................................................................................28
2. Personen die de strafvordering uitvoeren..................................................................................................................................28
3. Wijze van uitoefening van de strafvordering..............................................................................................................................29
a. Vervolging................................................................................................................................................................................29
b. Sepot (rangschikking zonder gevolg)......................................................................................................................................29
c. Buitengerechtelijke afdoening................................................................................................................................................30
d. Voorafgaande erkenning van schuld (art. 216 Sv.).................................................................................................................31
4. Personen tegen wie de strafvordering wordt uitgeoefend........................................................................................................32
5. (Extra)territoriale gelding van de strafvordering........................................................................................................................33
6. Prejudiciële vragen en geschillen................................................................................................................................................33
7. Verval van de strafvordering.......................................................................................................................................................34
a. Verjaring van de strafvordering..............................................................................................................................................35
b. Rechterlijk gewijsde................................................................................................................................................................38
c. Buitengerechtelijke afhandeling..............................................................................................................................................38
HOOFDSTUK 2: BURGERLIJKE VORDERING...............................................................................................................39
1. Algemene beginselen..................................................................................................................................................................39
2. Personen die de burgerlijke vordering uitoefenen.....................................................................................................................39
3. Personen tegen wie de burgerlijke vordering wordt uitgeoefend.............................................................................................39
4. Gevallen waar geen burgerlijke partijstelling mogelijk is...........................................................................................................39
5. Voorwerp van de burgerlijke vordering......................................................................................................................................40
6. Wijze van uitoefening van de burgerlijke vordering...................................................................................................................40
BV voor strafgerechten...............................................................................................................................................................40
BV voor de burgerlijke rechtbank...............................................................................................................................................41
7. Verval van de burgerlijke vordering............................................................................................................................................41
8. Gezag strafrechtelijk gewijsde....................................................................................................................................................42
9. Slachtofferhulpfonds (wet van 1 augustus 1985).......................................................................................................................43
DEEL III. HET VOORONDERZOEK IN STRAFZAKEN.....................................................................................................43
HOOFDSTUK 1: WIJZE WAAROP HET ONDERZOEK GEVOERD WORDT.....................................................................43
1. Opsporingsonderzoek en gerechtelijk onderzoek......................................................................................................................43
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, 2. Wijze waarop misdrijven ter kennis komen van de overheid.....................................................................................................43
3. Wijze waarop wordt opgespoord en vastgesteld.......................................................................................................................45
4. Rechten verdachte, in verdenkinggestelde, burgerlijke partij en derde-beslagene tijdens vooronderzoek.............................45
a. Inzage in het strafdossier........................................................................................................................................................45
b. Strafrechtelijk kortgeding.......................................................................................................................................................46
c. Recht om bijkomende onderzoekshandelingen te vragen in GO...........................................................................................46
HOOFDSTUK 2: PERSONEN BELAST MET DE OPSPORING EN VASTSTELLING VAN MISDRIJVEN................................46
1. Algemene beginselen..................................................................................................................................................................46
2. Leidinggevende magistraten.......................................................................................................................................................47
a. Openbaar ministerie................................................................................................................................................................47
b. Onderzoeksrechter..................................................................................................................................................................47
3. Politiediensten............................................................................................................................................................................48
a. Opsporingstaken.....................................................................................................................................................................48
b. Verhouding politie – magistraten...........................................................................................................................................48
HOOFDSTUK 3: HET OPSPORINGSONDERZOEK........................................................................................................48
1. Begrip..........................................................................................................................................................................................49
2. Heterdaadprocedure...................................................................................................................................................................49
3. Proactieve recherche..................................................................................................................................................................49
4. Het kaalplukonderzoek (NK).......................................................................................................................................................49
5. Afsluiting van het opsporingsonderzoek.....................................................................................................................................50
HOOFDSTUK 4: HET GERECHTELIJK ONDERZOEK......................................................................................................50
1. Saisine van de OR........................................................................................................................................................................51
a. Wijze van saisine.....................................................................................................................................................................51
b. Omvang van de saisine............................................................................................................................................................51
c. Gevolgen van de saisine..........................................................................................................................................................51
2. Verhouding OR-PdK.....................................................................................................................................................................52
3. Afsluiting GO: regeling van de rechtspleging..............................................................................................................................52
a. Voorafgaande procedure........................................................................................................................................................52
b. Procedure voor raadkamer.....................................................................................................................................................52
c. Mogelijke beslissingen van de raadkamer..............................................................................................................................53
d. Rechtsmiddelen inzake regeling rechtspleging.......................................................................................................................53
4. Controle door KI..........................................................................................................................................................................54
a. Overzicht.................................................................................................................................................................................54
b. Ambtshalve toezicht op het verloop van het GO....................................................................................................................54
c. Toezicht op langdurige onderzoeken......................................................................................................................................54
d. Toezicht op regelmatigheid van de rechtspleging..................................................................................................................54
HOOFDSTUK 5: ONDERZOEKSVERRICHTINGEN........................................................................................................56
1. Opnemen van klachten en aangiften..........................................................................................................................................56
2. Identiteitscontroles.....................................................................................................................................................................56
3. Plaatsbezoek................................................................................................................................................................................56
4. Observatie...................................................................................................................................................................................56
5. Ondervraging van de verdachte..................................................................................................................................................57
a. Minimumrechten ondervraagde.............................................................................................................................................57
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, b. Ondervraging verdachte in OO...............................................................................................................................................58
c. Ondervraging verdachte in GO................................................................................................................................................58
6. Inverdenkingstelling van de verdachte.......................................................................................................................................59
a. Definitie...................................................................................................................................................................................59
b. Rechten inverdenkinggestelde................................................................................................................................................59
c. Impliciete inverdenkingstelling...............................................................................................................................................59
d. Inverdenkingstelling en loyauteitsplicht.................................................................................................................................59
7. Getuigengehoor..........................................................................................................................................................................59
a. Anonieme getuigen.................................................................................................................................................................60
b. Bedreigde getuigen.................................................................................................................................................................61
c. Medewerkers met het gerecht................................................................................................................................................62
8. Inwinnen bankgegevens (NK)......................................................................................................................................................63
9. Deskundigenonderzoek...............................................................................................................................................................63
a. In het opsporingsonderzoek....................................................................................................................................................63
b. In gerechtelijk onderzoek........................................................................................................................................................64
10. DNA-onderzoek.........................................................................................................................................................................64
a. In opsporingsonderzoek..........................................................................................................................................................64
B. In gerechtelijk onderzoek........................................................................................................................................................65
11. Inobservatiestelling...................................................................................................................................................................65
12. Fouillering..................................................................................................................................................................................65
13. Onderzoek aan het lichaam......................................................................................................................................................66
14. Huiszoeking...............................................................................................................................................................................66
a. Begrip......................................................................................................................................................................................66
b. Toepassingsgebied..................................................................................................................................................................66
c. Grond- en vormvoorwaarden..................................................................................................................................................66
d. Uitvoering................................................................................................................................................................................66
e. Huiszoeking bij betrapping op heterdaad...............................................................................................................................67
f. Huiszoeking met toestemming................................................................................................................................................67
g. Beperkingen.............................................................................................................................................................................67
15. Andere zoekingen (NK)..............................................................................................................................................................67
16. Inkijkoperatie............................................................................................................................................................................67
17. Inbeslagneming.........................................................................................................................................................................68
a. Algemeen.................................................................................................................................................................................68
b. Wat..........................................................................................................................................................................................68
Beheer van in beslag genomen goederen..................................................................................................................................69
18. Databeslag en netwerkzoeking.................................................................................................................................................69
a. Databeslag...............................................................................................................................................................................69
b. Netwerzoeking........................................................................................................................................................................69
c. Medewerkingsplicht particulieren..........................................................................................................................................70
19. Uitgestelde tussenkomst edm..................................................................................................................................................70
20. Schending briefgeheim.............................................................................................................................................................70
21. Identificatie telefoonnummers edm.........................................................................................................................................71
22. Afluistering van privé(tele)communicaties...............................................................................................................................71
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