NR605 Final Exam All Answers Correct
### Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) - Focus: Helps individuals adapt cognitively and functionally to their environments. - Characteristics: Short-term, structured, goal-oriented form of psychotherapy. - Core Concept: Necessity of challenging maladaptive tho...
NR605 Final Exam All Answers Correct
### Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT)
- Focus: Helps individuals adapt cognitively and functionally to their environments.
- Characteristics: Short-term, structured, goal-oriented form of psychotherapy.
- Core Concept: Necessity of challenging maladaptive thoughts that lead to behavioral issues.
- History: First emerged in 1955; most widely practiced psychotherapy.
- Key Figures:
- Albert Ellis: Widely known as the grandfather of CBT.
- Aaron Beck: Originally trained in psychoanalysis, he pioneered cognitive therapy in the 1960s through
his research on depression and developed the popular Depression Inventory instrument.
### Relationship to Nursing Theory
- Orem's Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory:
- Provides a framework to view CBT as a supportive intervention.
- Aims to foster effective self-care behaviors.
- Roy's Adaptation Theory:
- Based on the premise that individuals use coping mechanisms to adapt to internal and external
stimuli.
- Shares foundational principles with CBT.
,### Indications for CBT
- Effective in treating a wide range of diagnoses, including:
- Depression
- Anxiety disorders
- Substance use disorders
- Eating disorders
- Severe mental illness
- PTSD
### Principles of CBT
- An individual's cognitive structure of thoughts about themselves and the world determines their
feelings and behaviors.
- Dysfunctional thoughts are rooted in irrational assumptions.
- Dysfunctional thinking and learned maladaptive behaviors contribute to psychological problems.
- Individuals can learn more adaptive behaviors, which can relieve symptoms and improve quality of life.
- CBT is positive, collaborative, and involves active participation.
- CBT includes therapy homework in the form of action plans.
,Role of the Psychotherapist in CBT ✔️-using a structured, collaborative approach to help clients
recognize and reevaluate cognitive distortions
-help clients:
• better understand the behaviors of others
• develop improved coping skills
-Psychoeducation
-Homework
• to help clients reinforce & build on what was learned during the therapy session
motivational interviewing (MI) ✔️-helps individuals prepare for change
-person-centered, evidence-based approach to behavior change
-using a collaborative, goal-oriented communication style
-empowers clients to draw on their meanings & capacities to facilitate change
• addressing issues with ambivalence and resistance
-grew out of William R. Miller's clinical practice working with clients with substance use disorders in the
1980s
• collaborated with Stephen Rollnick to write book: Motivational interviewing
Indications for MI ✔️-reduction of substance use and health promotion
, -improving medication adherence in clients with schizophrenia
MI Guiding Principles ✔️-acceptance
-empathy
-compassion
-respect of client autonomy
-acknowledgment of the client's strengths & efforts
-Spirit of MI
• Partnership, compassion, acceptance, evocation
MI Role of the Psychotherapist ✔️represented by the mnemonic RULE:
Resist the righting reflex
Understand the patient's motivation
Listen to the patient
Empower the patient
OARS ✔️Communication skills for MI:
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