Summary INFECTIOUS DISEASES MLA MAPPING - for Medical Exams and Finals
10 views 0 purchase
Course
Medicine (MLA)
Institution
The University Of Manchester (UOM)
One page summaries for topics listed in the MLA Topic Map associated with infectious diseases
Contents include: Infective Endocarditis; Influenza; Malaria; Night Sweats; etc.
All MLA topics are covered within my shop - see other documents for more
Each topic covers approx. one page for a succinc...
Necrotising Fasciitis
Definition & DDx
Rapidly progressive soft tissue infection
- Necrosis of subcut tissues and fascia
DDx
- Cellulitis
- Erysipelas
- Pyoderma gangrenosum
Anatomy & Risks
- Diabetes (especially if treated with SGLT-2 inhibitors)
- Following trauma/external injuries/surgical wounds/burns
- CKD can cause higher mortality with NF
- Most commonly affected site = perineum (Fournier’s gangrene)
Subtypes
- Type 1 = polymicrobial (most common – on trunk/perineum)
- Type 2 = strep pyogenes (younger pts, limbs)
- Type 3 = clostridium (IVDU)
- Type 4 = candida (immunocompromised)
Symptoms & Complications
- Swelling
- Pain
o Out of keeping with physical features/cellulitis
- Erythema
- Induration
- Systemic upset
- Hypoaesthesia to light touch
Investigations
- Scoring system based on blood results
o Score ≥5 indicates intermediate risk
- Wound culture
- Plain XRs for gas gangrene (late sign)
Treatment/Management & Side effects
- Rapid management with surgical debridement and IV abx
- Abx organism and local policy dependent; start broad spec
, Pneumonia
Definition & DDx
Bacterial
- Strep pneumoniae (most common CAP and in children; can cause 2º meningitis in
>3mths and adults)
- H influenzae (most common in COPD; assoc. acute epiglottitis, bronchiectasis
exacerbations)
- Staph aureus (common post-influenza)
- Klebsiella pneumoniae (common in alcoholics, diabetics and impaired swallow; ‘red-
currant jelly’ sputum, often affects upper lobes)
- Pseudomonas (CF/immunocompromised patients)
- Legionella (2º to air conditioning units; hyponatraemia and lymphopenia)
- Mycoplasma (atypical pneumonia, erythema multiforme and cold autoimmune
haemolytic anaemia; dry cough; bullous myringitis (painful vesicles on tympanic
membrane))
Viral
- Influenza
- RSV (extremes of age; leads to bronchiolitis)
Fungal
- PCP / Pneumocystis jirovecii
o Immunocompromised / underlying lung disease
o Stains with silver stain
o Most common opportunistic AIDs infection
o Prophylaxis for pts with CD4 ≤200
o Few chest signs; exertional dyspnoea
- Histoplasma / cryptococcus (india ink +ve) / aspergillus
HAP – occurs ≥48hrs after admission
Anatomy & Risks
- Extremes of age
- Chronic resp disease
- Immunosuppression
- Aspiration risk (can lead to polymicrobial infection)
o R middle and lower lobes most affected
- Smoking
- Pneumococcal characteristic features
o Herpes cold sores
o Pleuritic chest pain
o High fever
o Rapid onset
Symptoms & Complications
- Cough (+/- Purulent sputum (bacterial))
- Dyspnoea
- Pleuritic chest pain
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller EtheMedic. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $8.01. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
