Class 10 notes typically cover essential subjects like Mathematics, Science, Social Studies, and Language Arts. They aim to consolidate foundational knowledge and prepare students for higher studies. Subjects like Mathematics focus on algebra, geometry, and basic trigonometry. Science covers physic...
NCERT Solutions for Class 10
English First Flight
Chapter 2 - Nelson Mandela Long Walk to Freedom
Oral Comprehension Check (pg. 18)
1. Where did the ceremonies take place? Can you name any public buildings
in India that are made of sandstone?
Ans: Union Building of Pretoria was the place where the ceremonies took place.
The Parliament House in New Delhi, the Rashtrapati Bhavan in New Delhi, the
Supreme Court of India in New Delhi, and the Madras High Court in Chennai are
all notable sandstone monuments in India.
2. Can you say how 10 May is an ‘autumn day’ in South Africa?
Ans: South Africa lies in the Southern Hemisphere. Hence, the autumn season
falls in May. It was the day of South Africa's largest gathering, with many
international leaders in attendance to witness the installation of the country's first
non-racial democratic government.
3. At the beginning of his speech, Mandela mentions “an extraordinary
human disaster”. What does he mean by this? What is the “glorious …
human achievement” he speaks of at the end?
Ans: “An extraordinary human disaster” meant that the native Africans and the
coloured people had to suffer a lot due to discrimination done by the British
government. It was a glorious achievement, not only for the Africans but also for
the people around the world. A coloured person became the President after the
country was exploited for many years. In South Africa, the government ensured
liberty not only to the black citizens but also to the whites.
4. What does Mandela thank the international leaders for?
Ans: While addressing everyone in his speech, Mandela thanked all the
international leaders who came to witness this glorious moment. He felt privileged
to gather international support for his country. It also helped him bring to light the
issues that Africans faced at the hands of the British. Mandela becoming the
President of Africa was not only their victory but the victory of justice, peace, and
human rights across the globe.
5. What ideals does he set out for the future of South Africa?
Ans: Mandela wanted to work for the upliftment of everyone. He tried to address
the finer details that would make Africa a progressing nation in the long run. He
focused on the alleviation of poverty and suffering. He also wanted his nation to
Class X English www.vedantu.com 1
, be free from racial discrimination and a safe place for blacks, white and coloured
individuals.
Oral Comprehension Check (pg. 21)
1. What do the military generals do? How has their attitude changed, and
why?
Ans: The military earlier arrested and disrespected the Blacks. But after Mandela
became the President of South Africa, the highest military generals of South
Africa saluted Mandela and pledged their loyalty towards the new emerging
Africa.
2. Why were two national anthems sung?
Ans: Nelson Mandela wanted to make Africa a safe and equal country for
everyone and promote universal brotherhood. So, on the day of the inauguration
one national anthem was sung by whites and the other by blacks.
3. How does Mandela describe the systems of government in his country
(i) in the first decade
Ans: In the first decade the racial discrimination between the blacks and white,
the whites set themselves on higher pedestal and created grounds for one of the
gravest racial discrimination the world had ever known. The dark skinned were
treated as inferior in their own land and were denied even basic human rights.
(ii) in the final decade of the twentieth century?
Ans: In the final decade of twentieth century the racial discrimination was
eradicated and was replaced by equal rights for all, irrespective of their colour.
4. What does courage mean to Mandela?
Ans: Mandela’s definition of courage did not mean absence of fear but victory
over fear. A man should not be fearless. He should acknowledge the fear and
gather courage to fight against it.
5. Which does he think is natural, to love or to hate?
Ans: It is natural for the human heart to love than to hate, according to Mandela.
Oral Comprehension Check (pg. 24)
1. What “twin obligations” does Mandela mention?
Ans: Mandela mentions that every man shoulders responsibility first towards his
family, wife, children, and parents and towards his nation and community.
Class X English www.vedantu.com 2
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