Zuurdesem
= De voorouder van gist
Complex microbieel ecosysteem:
- Mengsel van meel en water
gisten en melkzuurbacteriën
#MZB = 10-100x #gisten
- Gisten alco. fermentatie
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
- Melkzuurbacteriën (MZB) melkzuurfermentatie
vooral heterofermentatieve lactobacillen: Fructilactobacillus sanfranciscensis
+ homofermentatieve en facultatief heterofermentatieve lactobacillen
Homofermentatieve melkzuurfementatie:
MZB extraheren energie (ATP) uit glucose:
- via glycolyse uit 1 glucose: 2ADP → 2ATP
+ 2pyruvaat
2NAD+ → 2NADH
- recuperatie van NADH d.m.v. fermentatie: e-(NADH) afstaan aan pyruvaat
pyruvaat → melkzuur
Heterofermentatieve melkzuurfermentatie:
MZB extraheren energie (ATP) uit glucose:
- via fosfoketolase pathway: 1ADP → 1ATP
+ 1 pyruvaat + 1 acetylfosfaat
2NAD+ → 2NADH
- recuperatie van NADH d.m.v. fementatie: e-(NADH) afstaan aan pyruvaat
pyruvaat → melkzuur
e-(NADH) afstaan aan acetylfosfaat
acetylfosfaat → ethanol
3
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