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microbes are the major components of biological systems on thisearth.
Microbes are also present in geysers (thermal vents) at temp
100 ℃ ,deep in soil under layers of snow several meters deep,
highly acidic environments
inoculum or starter contain millions of LAB
LAB play very beneficial role in checking disease causing
microbes.
A number of traditional drinks and foods are also made by
fermentation by the microbes. ‘Toddy’, a traditional drink of
some parts of southern India is made by fermenting sap from
palms.
Microbes are also used to ferment fish, soyabean and bamboo
shoots to make foods.
Cheese, is the oldest food items in which microbes were used
Production on an industrial scale, requires growing microbes in
very large vessels called fermentors
Microbes especially yeasts have been used from time
immemorial for the production of beverages like wine, beer,
whisky, brandy or rum.
same yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae used for bread-making
and commonly called brewer’s yeast, is used for fermenting
malted cereals and fruit juices, to produce ethanol
ANTIBIOTICS - most significant discovery of 2oth century
Antibiotics have greatly improved our capacity to treat deadly
diseases such as plague, whooping cough (kali khansi),
diphtheria (gal ghotu) and leprosy (kusht rog),diptheria and
pnemonia which used to kill millions all over the globe. Today,
we cannot imagine a world without antibiotics.
Microbes are also used for production of enzymes.
Lipases are used in detergent formulations and are helpful in
removing oily stains from the laundry.
bottled juices are clarified by use of pectinases and proteases.
MICROBES IN SEWAGE TREATMENT
Treatment of waste water is done by heterotrophic microbes
naturally present in the sewage.
BOD refers to the amount of the oxygen that would be consumed
if all the organic matter in one liter of water were oxidised by
bacteria.
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