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COMD 5070 Exam correctly answered graded A+

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COMD 5070 Exam correctly answered graded A+ Frequency of a wave describes: How frequently a waveform repeats How many cycles per second Related to number of vibrations of air molecules each second Complex Waveform contains multiple frequencies Ex. Human voice Decibels ...

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  • July 10, 2024
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  • 2023/2024
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COMD 5070 Exam correctly answered graded
A+
Frequency of a wave describes:

How frequently a waveform repeats

How many cycles per second

Related to number of vibrations of air molecules each second



Complex Waveform

contains multiple frequencies

Ex. Human voice



Decibels

Logarithmic because we don’t perceive linearly

Reference sound = The softest sound that will cause the eardrum to vibrate - 20
micro-pascals/threshold for hearing (0dB)



Digital Signals

Discrete in time and amp. (numbers = snapshots over time)

Presented by table of numbers



Analog Signals

Continuous in time and amp. (infinite number of points in time)

Presented by graph



Sampling Rate

Snapshots taken per second to create digital signal

Higher rate gives better fidelity and bigger file size

More gives better representation of original



Quantization

, Assigning a digital number to each amplitude value

Larger number = more detail

Smaller number = cruder detail



Nyquist Frequency

is half the sample rate

Need to sample at twice the rate of the highest frequency

Ex. Sample rate of 22,000 = 44,000



Spectrum (frequency domain)

Frequencies in waveform. Shows frequency components of a complex sound

X = Frequency

Y = Amplitude



Spectrogram

Shows how spectrums change over time

X = Time

Y = Frequency

Darkness = Intensity of Amplitude



Fourier Analysis/Transform

creates a spectrum by analyzing complex waveform

Presents all the different frequencies (ingredients)



Spectrum of a person’s voice:

Will have peaks (multiple frequencies)

Spread of energy in fundamental frequency and harmonics

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