Industrieel ingenieur Universiteit Gent
1e jaar bachelor Algemene Chemie (6 studiepunten)
Tabel overzicht zouten --> zuur of base?
Handig voor elke richting met chemie
ZUUR-BASE EIGENSCHAPPEN VAN ZOUTEN
Ion met invloed Gevolg
Zout gevormd door pH Berekening pH Voorbeeld Kwalitatief Hydrolyse
op pH hydrolyse
Geen (eigen
evenwichtstoestan
Sterk zuur + sterke base =7 Neutraal zout Geen
d van water wordt
niet beïnvloed
Zwak zuur + sterke base Basisch anion >7 Zwakke base Basisch zout Anion Kh = Kb
Kation: Kh = Kb
<7 als Ka,kation > Kb,anion Hangt af van
Anion: Kh = Kz
Zwak zuur + zwakke base Kation/anion >7 als Ka,kation < Kb,anion sterkte zuur- Anion + kation
Totaal: tegen
=7 als Ka,kation = Kb,anion base
elkaar afwegen
Klein sterk geladen
Zuur gehydrateerd
metaalion + anion van <7 Zwak zuur
kation
sterk zuur
Zouten waarvan anion meerdere H+ kan opnemen meerstapshydrolyse
Zure zouten = amfolieten: ioniseren in waterige oplossing met vorming van anionen die in water zowel zuur als basisch hydrolyseren
1
pH = (pKa + pKa’)
2
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