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Summary Educational policies
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Aqa a level sociology education summary notes for educational policies.
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EXAMPLES MARKETISATION MARKETISATIONThese tactics might include: Marketisation is necessary if schools are to be MAIN FEATURES
run like businesses and might include publicity,
o Persuading parents from poorer advertising literature and open days in order to The marketisation of education began with the
backgrounds that their school in tempt parents (the consumer) to send their 1988 Education Reform Act, influenced by the
tthe
unsuitable for their children. children to the school. neoliberal ideas of the New Right, and includes
o Having expensive school uniform three main features:
regulations. THE PRIVATISATION OF EDUCATION
o Making school literature o Independence: refers to the way schools
There is a difference between privatisation in
overcomplicated. operate similarly to businesses; in that
education (endogenous privatisation) and
o Having a complex admission they have control over their own affairs.
privatisation of education (exogenous
criterion. o Competition: competition means that
privatisation) (Ball and Youdell).
o Not promoting the school in poorer schools compete with other schools for
areas. PRIVATISATION IN EDUCATION customers (pupils).
o Choice: choice or ‘parent power’ (a
THE FRAMEWORK OF EDUCATION POLICIES Privatisation in education involves school and ‘parentocracy’) refers to the way in which
colleges operating in similar ways to private parents and potential pupils (the
Since the 1980s education policy has been independent businesses, including managing
influenced by four related factors: customers) are given the opportunity to
their own affairs, competing with other schools decide which school or college they
Neoliberalism, Globalisation, Privatisation for pupils, and using target setting and league
and Marketisation. attend, rather than these decisions being
tables to measure progress. made by the local authority.
NEOLIBERALISM Privatisation of education refers to the opening QUALITY CONTROL SYSTEM
Neoliberalism has links to the New Right up of state education to private businesses
and believes that the state should have a who design, manage or deliver education (e.g. These features are then supported by a quality
minimal role in providing and managing privately managed chains of academy schools, control system that includes inspections (by
public services like education, relying private companies taking responsibility for the Ofsted), a national curriculum approved by the
instead on a system akin to how businesses exam system or ICT companies like Apple and government, and testing and the publication of
operate in a free market. Google providing online curriculum content). Performance League tables to help parents
identify the best and weakest schools.
GLOBALISATION EVALUATING PRIVATISATION: POSITIVES
EVALUATION OF MARKETISATION
Globalisation, as it refers to education, is Privatisation creates more business-like and
the formation of educational policy within a efficient schools, leading to raised standards there are many ways that the marketisation of
global context, using evidence drawn from and an increase in the school’s popularity education has negatively affected the
comparisons with other countries (e.g. amongst a potential customer base. education system in the UK.
PISA). This evidence had influenced Privatisation provides parents with more
PARENTOCRACY
changes to the curriculum, including the choices.
introduction of the EBacc which enables Parentocracy isn’t a reality for many parents,
EVALUATING PRIVATISATION: NEGATIVE
students to compete more effectively in a and while the middle-classes have gained most
global market. Money might be drained from education and from parental choice, those families frm
into private profit. Privatisation might very well disadvantaged backgrounds might be
PRIVATISATION lead to more inequalities in education because discriminated against through hidden or covert
schools will want to discourage those children methods.
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