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Summary Social distribution of crime
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Aqa a level sociology crime and deviance summary notes for social distribution of crime.
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SOCIAL DISTRIBUTION OF CRIMESOCIOLOGY.
Institutional Racism CRIME AND DEVIANCE.
When it comes to ethnic minority crime, they
believe that the racism of our society leads to
Gender role socialisation
Lord MacPherson’s report into the Stephen The criminal justice system is traditionally
the ‘economic exclusion’ of ethnic minority
Lawrence murder and police failings used the dominated by men who are raised to be
communities.
phrase ‘institutional racism’. ‘chivalrous’ towards women. This means that
Right realists when faced with a female offender, male
Stop and search
police officers are more likely to treat them
Right realists view cultural deprivation as one of
Black people are seven times more likely to leniently.
the main reasons for crime occurring. Moynihan
be stopped and searched by a police officer in
claims that the main cause behind ethnic Heidensohn
the UK. However, a very small amount of stop
minority crime is poor socialisation caused by
and searches lead to an arrest. In many domestic abuse cases, women
ineffective family structures. Moynihan suggests
choose not to report the majority of incidents
Lord MacPherson that cultural deprivation can become a cycle in
to the police. Radical feminist Heidensohn
single parent families as the children are likely
Lord MacPherson’s report into the Stephen claims that the criminal justice system treats
to fail in education.
Lawrence murder and police failings used the women very poorly when investigating claims
phrase ‘institutional racism’ when describing Neo-marxists of sexual assault or domestic violence.
the actions of the police in that specific case.
Hall suggests that the ruling class use racism as Gender norms
Macpherson accused the police of
a tool to divide the proletariat and prevent a
incompetency by not following up on This is because women are viewed to have
revolution. He refers to this as divide and rule.
important leads. deviated from stereotypical gender norms. E.g. if
Hall they act in a sexually promiscuous way they are
Canteen culture not performing their expressive role.
Hall claims that, through the media, the
Holdaway claimed that there was a ‘canteen Gender and Crime
bourgeoisie have used ‘moral panics’ about
culture’ that existed within the police force.
ethnic minority groups that have led to clear Parsons suggests that women are less likely
He claimed that many officers held prejudicial
divisions due to racial tensions. He talks to be criminals due to their genetic
thoughts about members of the African
specifically about the 1970’s portrayal of the characteristics, this is called sex role theory.
Caribbean community and therefore told
‘black mugger’; a media representation of
negative stories and shared derogatory jokes Sex role theory
young black men that demonised them in the
at their expense. Holdaway argued that many
eyes of the public. Parsons suggests that women are less likely to be
new recruits felt under pressure to conform to
this ‘canteen culture’. Gender and Crime criminals due to their genetic characteristics, this
is called sex role theory. He argues the importance
Theoretical Approaches to Ethnicity and Pollack discusses the ‘chivalry thesis’; an idea of the ‘expressive leader’ in the primary
Crime that suggests the criminal justice system treats socialisation of children and suggests women have
men and women differently. more to lose if they turn to criminal activity.
Realist and neo-marxist views of ethnicity and
crime. The ‘chivalry thesis’ ‘Patriarchal control’
Left realists Pollack discusses the ‘chivalry thesis’; an idea Heidensohn claims that women are generally
more likely to conform to society’s norms and
that suggests the criminal justice system treats
Lea and Young believe that crime is caused by
values than men and therefore tend to be
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