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Igcse cambridge geography (full syllabus notes)
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Igcse cambridge geography (full syllabus notes)
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GeographyMocks
2022
,1
, Theme 1: Population and settlement
1.1 Population dynamics
World Increase Decrease
population
births/ natural increase Deaths
Immigration Emmigration
Exponential growth:
- Industrial revolution, more jobs
- Agricultural revolution, more food
- Medical revolution, vaccine + penicillin
- Green revolution, more tech/food
Unexpected events:
- War
- Pandemics
- Natural disasters
RNI: crude birth rate-crude death rate/ 10
Over and Under population: the size of the population is too small to fully utilise all the
under resources
population Overpopulation: the size of the population is too big that resources need to be
split up, lower standard of living
Case study A country which is overpopulated, India
- Cultural norm to have a male child
- Early marriage ages
- Strain on resources, deforestation, need for materials+land, no grow
time
- Food production/ distribution can’t keep up, cost of production
increases
- Unemployment
- Crowded homes
A country which is under population, France
- 67m population but double the land size of the UK
- 1.77 births/ 1000 population
- Not enough jobs + working age population
- 8.12% unemployment rate, non booming economy
- 62.4% dependency ratio
Dependency ratio:
%youthful cohort (0-14)+$ elderly cohort (>65)/%working age cohort (15-65)
Population Natalist policies
policies Le code de la famille, France
Case study
- Offered cash incentives for stay at home moms
- Full time fully paid for schooling from 3 years
- 3 years paid paternal leave
- Fertility rate rose
- More pressure on childcare + education
Anti natalist India
2
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