Exam (elaborations)
Cardiac Arrhythmia
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Exam of 4 pages for the course Chapter 9 SSP and Exercises at Chapter 9 SSP and Exercises (Cardiac Arrhythmia)
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Cardiac ArrhythmiaAbnormal accelerated Automacity - ANS--It occurs due to increasing the rate of depolarization
or changing the the threshold potential
-Abnormal automaticity can occur in virtually all cardia tissues and may initiate arrhythmias
-Such changes are thought to produce sinus tachycardia, escape rhythms, and accelerated AV
nodal (junctional) rhythms.
Arrhythmia - ANS--An abnormality of the cardiac rhythm is called a cardiac arrhythmia.
-Arrhythmias may cause sudden death, syncope,
heart failure, dizziness, palpitations or no
symptoms at all.
Atrial Arrhythmias - ANS--Rhythm is irregular.
-Rate increases as the patient breathes in and decreases as the patient exhales.
-Rate is usually 60-100, variation of normal, not life threatening.
-P wave fore every QRS, normal PR interval, normal QRS width
Atrial Fibrillation - ANS--No clear P wave proceeds the QRS complex: The Atria are not
depolarizing effectively, but are fibrillating
-Rhythm is grossly irregular:
->If the HR is <100 it is considered controlled a-fib
->if HR is >100 it is considered to have "rapid ventricular response"
-AV node acts as a "filter" -> blocking out most of the impulses sent by the atria in an attempt to
control the HR
-P wave: Wavy irregular
-PR interval: NA
-QRS: <0.12 sec
Atrial Flutter - ANS--Atrial Flutter = Saw Tooth ECG
-The rate is all coming from one pacemaker (other than the one in the SA node)
-Too fast far the ventricles to respond.
-Instead of the P wave a lot of similar but abnormal looking waves in between the QRS
complex, just like a saw tooth
-HR: Atrial HR = 250-400, Ventricular HR = variable
-Rhythm: Irregular
-P wave: none
-PR interval: not measurable
-QRS: <0.12 sec
Atrial Tachycardia - ANS--HR: 140-250
-Rhythm: Irregular
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