Bio 208 Test 4 Questions and Answers Graded A 2024

Source for most digestive enzymes - Pancreas Source fo bile and salts; housecleaning - Liver Produced by liver; stores by gall bladder; digestion of FAT - Bile Salts Functions of the liver: - production of bile salts; detoxing blood + excrete eastes; storage of vitamins Sucrose= - glucose + fructose reabsorption of water - large intestine Colon has bacteria generating vitamins: - Vitamin K Biotin, Vitamin B5 is stored by the liver + skeletal muscles through glycogenesis - Glucose total energy content of all nutrients absorbed - Energy Input Energy released during oxidation - Energy Output secreted by the beta cells of the pancreas - Insulin secreted by the alpha cells of pancreas - Glucagon Retinol; involved with vision and growth in epithelial cells - Vitamin A Thiamine; involved with decarboxylation of pyruvic acid - Vitamin B Riboflavin; digestive disturbance; burning sensation - Vitamin B12 Nicotonic Acid; muscle weakness, GI problems - Niagn Pyridoxine; involved with transport of amino acids across membranes; protein + lipid metabolism; seizures - Vitamin B6 Cobalt; involved with DNA synthesis; paralysis - Vitamin B12 Folacin; DNA formation - Folic Acid Involved with carbohydrate + fat metabolism; retarded growth; reproductive failure - Pantothenic Acid B5 Ascorbic; involved with formation of collagen (ligaments + CT as well as bone + teeth) - Vitamin C Calciferol; involved w/ Ca++ absorption from GI tract - Vitamin D Tocopherol; involved with preventing oxidation of unsaturated fats; fetal miscarriage - Vitamin E formation of prothrombin by the liver as well as factors VII, IX, and V - Vitamin K Functions of the kidney: - water + electrolyte balance; Excretion of the kidney: - metabolic waste products; foreign chemicals; secretion of hormones and Vitamin D Rivals that of liver during fasting - Gluconegenesis Produces urine - kidney transports urine toward the urinary bladder - Ureter temporarily stores urine prior to elimination - urinary bladder conducts urine to exterior - Urethra is the basic functional unit of the kidney - Nephron provides filtrate for processing - glomerus capillary bed