Download this complete,fully solved and updated actual exam for (WJEC Criminology, Unit 2) Theories of criminality
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Course
WJEC
Institution
Oxford University (OX)
XYY theory:
- Biological.
- Jacobs (1965).
- A genetic condition where a male has an extra Y chromosome, giving a total of 47.
- Suggestion that XYY males have increased aggression.
- Preliminary findings conducted at a max security hospital: 9/315.
- 15/1000 suffers in prisons and 1/1000 in ...
Download this
complete,fully
solved and
updated actual
exam for (WJEC
Criminology, Unit
2) Theories of
criminality
XYY theory: - answer - Biological.
- Jacobs (1965).
- A genetic condition where a male has an
extra Y chromosome, giving a total of 47.
,- Suggestion that XYY males have increased
aggression.
- Preliminary findings conducted at a max
security hospital: 9/315.
- 15/1000 suffers in prisons and 1/1000 in the
general population.
- Reinforces the idea that this aggression
caused by the extra chromosome is an
explanation for criminality.
- Example: John Wayne Gacy who sexually
abused and killed young boys.
XYY theory evaluation: - answer - Theilgaard
(1984) found that males with XYY had lower
levels of intelligence: the increase of crime
may be as a result of learning difficulties
associated with the disorder as opposed to
the condition itself.
- Ignored environmental factors such as
upbringing. Having XYY can also cause
physiological differences that may lead to
bullying, supported by Kaplan's (1980) 'self-
, derogation' theory which could be an
explanation for anti-social behaviour.
- Not all XYY men are criminals.
- Cannot explain female criminality which
reduces its real-world application and
generalisability.
+ Clear over-representation of XYY men in
prisons.
Twin studies: - answer - Biological
- Johannes Lang (1929)
- Found evidence to suggest identical twins
are more likely to commit crimes than non-
identical twins.
- Supports the idea that people can be
predisposed to criminal behaviour from
inherited genes.
Twin studies evaluation: - answer + Johannes
found 10/13 identical twins had served prison
time whereas only 2/7 non-identical twins
had.
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