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Exam (elaborations) Psycology Psychology
Psycology exam review with correct answers
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Psychology Exam Review with correctanswers 2024
Chapter 1: Psychology: The Evolution of a Science - answer-...
What is psychology? What is the mind? What is behavior? - answer-
Psychology is the scientific study of the mind and behavior
Mind is our private inner experience of perceptions, thoughts, memories,
and feelings
Behavior is the observable actions of human beings and nonhuman
animals
What are the three key questions in psychology? - answer-1. What are the
bases of perceptions, thoughts, memories, and feelings, or our subjective
senses of self?
2. How does the mind usually allow us to function effectively in the world?
3. Why does the mind occasionally function so ineffectively?
What is the nativism? What is philosophical empiricism? Which reflects
"nature" and which reflects "nurture" in the nature- nurture debate? -
answer-Nativism is the philosophical view that certain kinds of knowledge
are innate or inborn
Philosophical empiricism is the philosophical view that all knowledge is
acquired through experience.
Although few modern psychologists believe that nativism or empiricism is
entirely correct, the issue of just how much "nature" and "nurture" explain
any given behavior is still a matter of controversy.
,Psychology Exam Review with correct
answers 2024
What is phrenology? How did work with brain damaged patients help
establish a mind- body connection? - answer-Phrenology is a now defunct
theory that specific mental abilities and characteristics, ranging from
memory to the capacity for happiness, are localized in specific regions of
the brain.
When Paul Broca worked with a patient who had suffered damage to a
small part of the left side of the brain the patient was virtually unable to
speak yet was able to understand everything that was said and could
communicate using gestures. Broca had the crucial insight that damage to
a specific part of the brain impaired a specific mental function, clearly
demonstrating that the mind and body are linked
Psychology has its roots in philosophy- from which it drew the questions it
tries to answer- and physiology. What is physiology? - answer-Physiology
is the study of biological processes, especially in the human body
Who is credited as being the founder of psychology including teaching its
first course in 1867 and opening its first lab? - answer-Wilhelm Wundt
What is consciousness? How did Wundt study consciousness using stimuli
and reaction time? What is structuralism? What is introspection? What is
the problem with using introspection as a research method? - answer-
Consciousness is a person's subjective experience of the world and the
mind.To study consciousness Wundt and his students adopted an
approach called structuralism, which is the analysis of the basic elements
that constitute the mind. Some of Wundt's studies used the method of
introspection, which involves the subjective observation of one's own
experiment.
In a typical experiment, research participants were presented with a
stimulus, and asked to report their introspections. By analyzing the relation
between feelings and perceptual sensations, Wundt and his students
hoped to uncover the basic structure of conscious experience.
, Psychology Exam Review with correct
answers 2024
The problem with using introspection is that science requires replicable
observations.
What is functionalism? How did William James differ from Wundt in how he
believed consciousness should be studied? Which man thought
consciousness was a stream? Which man thought it could be broken up? -
answer-Functionalism is the study of the purpose of mental processes
serve in enabling people to adapt to their environment.
James agreed with Wundt of some points, but disagreed with his claim that
consciousness could be broken down into separate elements. James
believed that trying to isolate and analyze a particular moment of
consciousness distorted the essential nature of consciousness.
"Consciousness was more like a flowing stream than a bundle of separate
elements" -William James and also thought that it can be broken up
What is natural selection? - answer-Natural selection is Charles Darwin's
theory that the features of an organism that help it survive and reproduce
are more likely to be passed on to subsequent generations
What is hysteria? What is the unconscious? What is the emphasis in
Freud's psychoanalytic theory? What is psychoanalysis? What were some
criticisms of Freud's approach (page 14)? - answer-Hysteria is a temporary
loss of cognitive or motor functions, usually as a result of emotionally
upsetting experiences.
Unconscious is the part of the mind that operates outside of conscious
awareness but influences conscious thoughts, feelings, and actions
Psychoanalysis is a therapeutic approach that focuses on bringing
unconscious material into conscious awareness to better understand
psychological disorders.
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