Summary
Summary - Unit 12 - Acid-base Equilibria
- Course
- Institution
In-depth complete topic summary revision.
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
megan555lewis
Content preview
ACID-BASE EQUILIBRIABRONSTED-LOWERY THEORY
ACIDS >
-
proton donors
BASES- - proton acceptors
PROTIC/BASIC
-
H+ ions interchangeable
CONJUGATE PAIRING
form * hydroxonium ions in water
mono profic Inol acid 1 mol h +
↳ make the solution acidic CONJUGATE ACID
-
dipetic 1 mol acid 2 mol nt
Ht
eg : HA HOT Conjugate
prozon (UH)
gaining U + gained a
tripetic 1 mol acid f 3 mo At
~ pair
-
-
- CONJUGATE
lost a proton
BASE
(Ht)
HA a
WEAU
STRONG ACID
ACID -
-
partially
fully
dissociates
dissociates
in water to
water to
produce
produce
H + ions
H + ions
Tequilibrium
[equilibrium well
me
well over to
over to the
left]
right]
[AcidugtHHoa
& Closing
in
conjugate pair
gamingt
WEAK ACID WEAK BASE
acid conjugate
W HONN
CH3 COOM = H+ CH , 100-
- I
e. e
.
g g
.
.
+
ethanoic acid favoured
ChycOOMad + 1201 U0tlag CuC00
STRONG BASE +
STRONG ACID strongly smongly as
favoured
favoured
C- - NaOH
--
+
monoprotic HCl F-H + + e .
g H- + Na
e .
.
g
acid
hydrochloric
e K On conjugate base
? .
.
g U2504
.
.
g
diprotic
e .
g
Monoprotic UNOz
.
PU OF STRONG ACID PH OF STRONG BASES MEASURI
↳ [n + ]
conc
↳
=
Con]
.
conc =
fully dissociates
↳ pH
.
If diprotic . H2SO4 fully
: dissociates
e .
g
-log[H ]
+
pH =
[n ] 10
-
pu
MUST
+
be calibra
kw
dn'
[H + J [OH-]
=
- to define 0 1S mol
this C of NaOH at 298K
.
↓
use
g
. . .
= >
-
ph e . 2Snolan's
g U2SO4 the ionic product of
pu 2 ] 10-
.
+
-10g[6 7x10-1]
> =
water -1
[H ]
-
[H ]
1x10
-
10 - 10g 10 25 x 2) pu
+
15
+ pu x 0
= =
.
=
.
↳ product
.
=
pu
#O
= of molar conc
13 18
3(n +] 10
- =
30
= kw/(On -
0
[H ]
=
.
of Ht and Oft at a
*
= .
[ pu always
[ pu always to (n +] Specified temperature
6 7x10
+4
=
[H ]
+ 2 dp
to
2 dp
.
↓
UNDERSTA
-log [H ]
+
pH =
(n + ] [OH -]
pLwETOgl
[1x10-3] [1x10
-
1]
14
L STRONG AC
pH OF WEAK ACIDS kw 1 10 molan-b
-
= x
↳ ionic product of water dan's
1 UC1
4 conc = [u ] +
↳ changes if of changes
[n ] 180
.
+ = :
pure water : (H ]+ = [On -] >
-
Uw = [n ]
+
2
↳ puw is used to display
No values on a smaller scale
Ka
= A
Isolate
(2) .. dissociation of
so al [h +]
a
dison
acid + than that of
must come from me acid
water
WEAL AC
=
1 dan's CHOO
Ka
-log[H ]
e
.
g 0 03 molan's Chycoon 298K
. OR pH 3 14 ncoon 298h
+
pH
at e
g at
.
.
[U ]
. . .
"
Ua = 1 76 x 10-s mol
. dn'3
Ha = 1 77
.
x 10 ↑Mol
-
an
3 = +
= 10
14
↓ ① 1 ma
① CH ) 10-3
.
+
ny
=
Ka
=
NaCHA]
↑
7 2 10
-
x
(H ]
= .
+
=
②
(H) NT16x10-s(X003
,
:
↓
log[n ]
kw [H + J [OH-]
+ - Y
ph =
-
= 7 . 3 x 10
=
③ pH =
- 10g[7 .
3 x10 - 4)
=
3 . 14
= 2 .
97 x 10-3 mol an
3
ACID DILU
pKw =
-log (kw) ↳
pla ALTERNATIVE MEASUREMENT OF ACID STRENGTH
DILUTING
pKa-log(na) -
Pha
e .
g
①
. 0 025 mol dn's
.
pua =
4 TS
.
18-4
Chycoon
T
at 2981
ka
= A d
10
.
Ka
na
=
=
=
1 78
.
x 10-s
n
↑ pha =
stronger
acid
the
e
②a 00s
DILUTING
6 67x10 4
pka -log(na)
-
=
= .
③ ph - 10g (6 67x10 "]
din
-
=
.
3 .
18 X
pH =
pha +
log()
TITRATIONS AND TITRATION
CURVES
n
now
on 1
&
a
Digia
g
volume of acid added
PM heter
P
mus i
(methyl orange] (methylorange] (phenolphthalein) 10 shapchange
-
iL
14
=
·
O O
of base volume of base added
volume of base added volume of base added volume added
U
p1 = pua pu 4 -p19
pu1 >
pU13 pu 4
-
p413
-
excess excess
excess
I
excess excess
I ↳excesabuse i ↳
strong acid
↳ strong base
strong acid said & ↳ sees has weanacia wear base
strong base pu9t
"v
acid + SB
weal O
acid + strong base pu7
strong
=
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller megan555lewis. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $5.83. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
56326 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now