CMY1502 - Introduction to Criminology: Victims and Reduction of Crime (CMY1502)
Institution
University Of South Africa (Unisa)
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CMY1502 - Introduction to Criminology: Victims and Reduction of Crime (CMY1502)
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, Theme 1 General Introduction to victims of crime
Victims of crime: definition and problems related to victimization
3 paradigms of victomology
Radical victomology Critical victomology
Conservative/positive • Left realism/liberalism • Left idealism and radical idealism are used
• Flow of roles between offender interchangeably
victomology
• Victimization viewed as emanating from • criminal justice system should be minimal
• Right realist underlying forces between offender and or it
• Conventional/ administrative paradigm victim should be shut
• Strict clear definition of who victim and • Victim not completely innocent • offenders are usually regarded as victims
offender is • Victims rights should not lessen the and the responsibility for their committing
• Blame solely on the offender offenders rights crime is placed on the society victimization
• reaction to the structure of society and the
environment
• society is placed in the role of the
offender, matters such as ‘‘victim’s rights,
restitution
compensation as well as victim support are
regarded as oppressive measures of social
control
4 stages of victimizations
stage 1
Injury or suffering (individual or an organization)
Why or how a person has been harmed (regain control over his/her life.)
does not have to be criminal by nature
stage 2
Victimized sometimes don’t see it as victimization.(may remain silent until realization
Seen as unwarranted and starts feeling victimized of unwarranted acts which turns to victimization) e.g.: Woman in abusive
relationships
stage 3
starts seeking for help(individual, organization, criminal justice system) Reluctant because fear of being blamed as a victim
stage 4
Considered a victim only when he/she recognizes that he/she has been victimized If people believe the experience makes them a victim
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