Auguste Comte (1798-1857) - ✅✅-coined the term sociology
University of Chicago - ✅✅-First U.S. Sociology Department and developed
methods to study urbanization on individuals & cities
Emile Durkheim - ✅✅ -father of sociology
(first european sociology department & major european jounal of psychology
Structural Functionalism.
Sociology - ✅✅-the study of societies and the social worlds that individuals inhabit
within them
Society - ✅✅ -a large group of people who live in the same area and participate in
a common culture
✅✅-coined the term sociological imagination
C. Wright Mills -
Sterotype - ✅✅-a simplified generalization about a group that is often false or
exaggerated
Aphorisms - ✅✅-short phases for stating the truth or opinion
Social Context - ✅✅-the social environment, including economic & cultural
conditions, that influence peoples lives
Identities -✅✅-the social characteristics & group affiliations an individual has
Social Interaction - ✅✅-refers to the way people act together, including how they
modify and alter their behavior in response to the presence of others
Norms - ✅✅ -Basic rules of society that help us know what is not appropriate to do
in any situation
Social Structure - ✅✅ -The external forces, most notably social hierarchies, norms,
and institutions, that provide the context for individual and group action.
Social Hierachy - ✅✅-any relationship between individuals or groups that is
unequal and provides one person or group with more status and power than another
, Institutions - ✅✅ -longstanding and important practices as well as the organizations
that regulate those practices (marriages, family, and education)
Industrialization -✅✅-growth of factories & large scale goods production
Urbanization - ✅✅-the growth of cities
Interdisciplinary Research - ✅✅-integrates ideas, theories, and data from different
academic fields
Social Theory - ✅✅-systematic ideas about the relationship between individuals
and societies
Karl Marx - ✅✅-believed human history is best understood through economics.
Social Conflict.
Classes - ✅✅-a group of people who share a similar social and economic position
in society
Modes of Production - ✅✅-a concept for characterizing the dominant economic
system in a society
Forces of Production - ✅✅-technological and productive capacity of any society at
a given point in time
Social Relations of Productions - ✅✅ -the relationships and inequalities between
different kinds of people within the economy
Bourgeoisie - ✅✅-middle class (own businesses and employ people to work for
them)
Capital - ✅✅-money or other assets that can be used for businesses
Proletariat - ✅✅-working class
Socalist - ✅✅-the productive forces of society are collectively owned
Class struggle - ✅✅-people who are treated differently by the economic system are
inevitably going to be in conflict with one another
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