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Biology midterm 1 (1).
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Biology midterm 1 (1).
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Biology midterm 1What is science - CORRECT ANSWER-Way of knowing through experimentation
and observation
Hypothesis - CORRECT ANSWER-Not a question. Explanation for an
observation/scientific problem that can be tested
Cohesion - CORRECT ANSWER-Attraction between molecules of the same
substance
Adhesion - CORRECT ANSWER-The clinging of one substance to another
What is over 50% of the dry weight in our body - CORRECT ANSWER-proteins
Enzymatic proteins - CORRECT ANSWER-Selective acceleration of chemical
reactions
Defensive proteins - CORRECT ANSWER-Protection against disease (Ex.
Antibodies)
Storage proteins - CORRECT ANSWER-Storage of amino acids
Transport proteins - CORRECT ANSWER-Transports substances
Hormonal proteins - CORRECT ANSWER-coordination of an organism's activities
Receptor proteins - CORRECT ANSWER-Response of a cell to stimuli
Contractile/motor proteins - CORRECT ANSWER-Movement
Structural proteins - CORRECT ANSWER-provides support to the cell
Two function group in amino acids - CORRECT ANSWER-Amino(NH2) and
Carboxyl(C=O and C-OH)
Polypeptide - CORRECT ANSWER-Polymer made of amino acids
Dehydration/condensation rxn - CORRECT ANSWER-H2O is removed to form a
new bond
Hydrolysis - CORRECT ANSWER-Adds H2O to break a bond
, What are the two types of nucleic acids (polynucleotides) - CORRECT
ANSWER-DNA and RNA
In general, what do DNA and RNA do? - CORRECT ANSWER-DNA provides the
instructions for life and RNA translates those instructions into proteins
What makes up nucleotides - CORRECT ANSWER-Phosphate grp, 5-carbon sugar,
base
Pyrimidines - CORRECT ANSWER-Cytosine, Uracil, Thymine (CUT)
Purines - CORRECT ANSWER-Adenine, guanine
Difference between ribose and deoxyribose - CORRECT ANSWER-Ribose had OH
and OH, deoxyribose has OH and H
What do condensation reactions make in terms of nucleic acids - CORRECT
ANSWER-Phosphodiester linkages
phosphodiester linkage - CORRECT ANSWER-Connects the 3 carbon to the
phosphate group of the adjacent nucleotide
activated nucleotides and main example - CORRECT ANSWER-these compounds
store potential energy. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a common example
In ATP how is energy released - CORRECT ANSWER-Hydrolysis breaks off two
phosphates
Erwin Chargaff - CORRECT ANSWER-base composition varies between species,
A=T/C=G
Linus Pauling - CORRECT ANSWER-First to publish, but it was wrong
He said there were 3 chains of negatively charged phosphates in the center
Waston and Crick - CORRECT ANSWER-Originally said DNA had a triple helix.
Developed the current model for the DNA double helix; determine the structure of
DNA
How many H bonds between C and G - CORRECT ANSWER-3
How many H bonds between A and T - CORRECT ANSWER-2
How does the extra OH affect RNA - CORRECT ANSWER-Makes it more unstable
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