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pathophysiology lecture 8 drexel (1)
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pathophysiology lecture 8 drexelfunction of heart - ANS-move deox blood from venous system through right heart to pulmonary
circulation and move oxygenated blood to left and finally to arterial system
what is required for the heart to function effectively? - ANS-equal output of left and right heart
right heart failure - ANS-right heart does not pump blood forward to pulmonary system and
therefore there is a backup
what does right heart failure backup cause? - ANS-peripheral edema(fluid in lower periph limbs)
and congestion of abdominal organs
left heart failure - ANS-blood backs up to lungs and cannot get into systemic flow
adaptive mechanisms of heart failure purpose - ANS--increase cardiac output and bp
-maintain cardiac reserve(ability to increase cardiac output during increased activity) (ratio of
max output to resting output 4 to 5 range is normal 5L a minute resting to 25L a min active)
athletes 7 to 8 range 40L a min,
-heart failure patients have 1-2 range
what are the adaptive mechanisms? - ANS--Frank-Starling mechanism(more blood in more
blood out)
-sympathetic NS activation(controls BV)
-Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone mechanism(renin released from kidney to tell adrenal cortex to
retain fluid in order to increase BV)
-natriuretic peptides(increase sodium reabsorption from kidney to increase water)
-endothelial from endocardium(hormone released from endothel of heart/bv)
-myocardial hypertrophy and remodeling-making heart muscle more bulky by adding
constructive fibers to pump more blood
will adaptive mechanisms prevent heart failure? - ANS-no, but it slows it down
cardiovascular training increases or decreases bp? - ANS--decreases(training for marathon)
types of hear failure - ANS-left or right ventricular heart failure
left ventricular heart failure - ANS-(blood will be coming from lungs and about to go to left then
the rest of the tissues)
-diminished cardiac output(not equaling input) with decrease in peripheral blood flow and
progressive accumulation in pulmonary circulation
-major consequence-pulmonary edema
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