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Addiction Studies Correct Answers!! 2024
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Addiction Studies Correct Answers!! 2024Drug - correct answers a chemical entity, used non-medically, self-administered for
its psychoactive effect; any substance which alters mood, behaviour, cognition,
and physiology but that does not constitute a food or nutrient
psychoactive substance - correct answers a substance which alters behaviour
and/or cognition
substance use - correct answers a drug is self-administered for its psychoactive
effect
substance abuse - correct answers a pattern of substance use that meets DSM
criteria, including failure to meet obligations due to substance use and recurrent
personal or legal problems due to substance use
substance dependence - correct answers a pattern of substance use that meets
DSM criteria, including tolerance, withdrawal, significant time spent in activities to
use/obtain the substance, and interference with everyday activities
withdrawal - correct answers a state which occurs when drug use is reduced or
ceased, characterised by symptoms which are usually the opposite of those
elicited by the drug; occur because of the body's natural homeostatic responses
i.e. the body habituates to the presence of the drug and needs to react in its
absence
,toxicity (intoxication) - correct answers usually an immediate effect of the drug
which occurs when blood level concentration of the substance rises rapidly,
exceeding a level which the body can metabolise
tolerance - correct answers decreased effectiveness of a drug as a result of chronic
use/repeated administration
stimulants - correct answers drugs which accelerate nervous system arousal e.g.,
nicotine, cocaine, amphetamines, caffeine
depressants - correct answers drugs which inhibit nervous system arousal e.g.,
alcohol, narcotics, benzodiazepines, organic solvents
hallucinogens - correct answers drugs which cause some perceptual distortions
and may result in visual, auditory or tactile hallucinations e.g., LSD, PCP, magic
mushrooms, MDMA
total prohibition - correct answers a policy approach which renders all drug use
illegal. the focus is on supply reduction, and abstinence from drug use. the only
way to obtain drugs is illegally and therefore users are incarcerated rather than
treated.
partial prohibition - correct answers a policy approach which does not advocate
the prosecution of the possession of small quantities of some drugs (e.g., cannabis)
, but deems the possession and use of harder drugs and those in larger quantities as
illegal.
decriminalisation - correct answers a policy approach which essentially removes
the criminal component of some drugs by either modifying or removing penalties
or by making changes in enforcement of laws (by allowing police greater discretion
as to whether to prosecute for small quantities or not). there are still some
regulations and/or fines in place however, people won't go to jail for it
controlled availability - correct answers the production and distribution of drugs is
regulated by the government and subject to tax; people are allowed to buy and
consume drugs but with specific regulations in place
uncontrolled availability - correct answers a policy approach which lifts all controls
on drug use; has not been implemented anywhere in the world and is more of a
philosophical position
war on drugs (1960s) - correct answers president nixon of the united states
declared a war on drugs which advocated a stance of complete abstinence and
prohibition of drugs and a focus on supply reduction (e.g., search, seizure, and
control).
harm minimisation - correct answers was adopted in australia in 1985 by bob
hawke; accepts that drug use is and will continue to be a part of society, and
therefore focus is placed on reducing the harms associated with the drug itself and
its use, rather than complete abstinence. the focus is on public health; such an
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