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Makroökonomie Formelsammlung Zusammenfassung
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Unternehmens- und Vermögenseinkommen𝑈𝑉𝐸 = (1 − 𝐿𝑜ℎ𝑛𝑞𝑢𝑜𝑡𝑒) ∗ 𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑘𝑠𝑒𝑖𝑛𝑘𝑜𝑚𝑚𝑒𝑛 = (1 − 𝐿𝑄) ∗ 𝑉𝐸
Arbeitnehmerentgelt
𝐴𝐸 = 𝐿𝑜ℎ𝑛𝑞𝑢𝑜𝑡𝑒 ∗ 𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑘𝑠𝑒𝑖𝑛𝑘𝑜𝑚𝑚𝑒𝑛 = 𝐿𝑄 ∗ 𝑉𝐸
,BIP-Deflator
gibt an, wie viel Prozent der Veränderung (Erhöhung/Reduzierung) des nominalen BIP durch
Preissteigerungen verursacht worden ist.
Paasche-Index (Mengen des Berichtsjahres):
𝑃
∑𝑖 𝑝𝑖𝑇 ∗ 𝑞𝑖𝑇
𝑃0,𝑇 =
∑𝑖 𝑝𝑖0 ∗ 𝑞𝑖𝑇
𝑛𝑜𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑛𝑜𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑙
𝐵𝐼𝑃2015 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑙
𝐵𝐼𝑃2015
𝐵𝐼𝑃 − 𝐷𝑒𝑓𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑟 = 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑙 ⟺ 𝐵𝐼𝑃2015 = ∗ 100
𝐵𝐼𝑃2015 𝐵𝐼𝑃 − 𝐷𝑒𝑓𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑟
Berechnung der Wachstumsrate
𝐵𝐼𝑃𝑎𝑘𝑡𝑢𝑒𝑙𝑙 − 𝐵𝐼𝑃𝐵𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑠 𝐵𝐼𝑃𝑎𝑘𝑡𝑢𝑒𝑙𝑙
𝑤𝐵𝐼𝑃 = = −1
𝐵𝐼𝑃𝐵𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑠 𝐵𝐼𝑃𝐵𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑠
Berechnung der durchschnittlichen jährlichen Wachstumsrate bei n Jahren über geometrisches Mittel
𝑛 𝐵𝐼𝑃𝑎𝑘𝑡𝑢𝑒𝑙𝑙
̅ 𝐵𝐼𝑃 = √
𝑤 −1
𝐵𝐼𝑃𝐵𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑠
Verbraucherpreisindex
Laspeyres-Index (Mengen des Basisjahres)
𝐿
∑𝑖 𝑝𝑖𝑇 ∗ 𝑞𝑖0
𝑃0,𝑇 =
∑𝑖 𝑝𝑖0 ∗ 𝑞𝑖0
𝑎𝑘𝑡𝑢𝑒𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑟 𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑖𝑠 𝑑𝑒𝑠 𝑊𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑘𝑜𝑟𝑏𝑠
𝐼𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑥𝑤𝑒𝑟𝑡 = 𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑖𝑠 𝑑𝑒𝑠 𝑊𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑘𝑜𝑟𝑏𝑠 𝑖𝑚 𝐵𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑠𝑗𝑎ℎ𝑟
, Bruttoinlandsprodukt
𝒀 = 𝑪 + 𝑮 + 𝑰 + 𝑵𝑿
▪ 𝑁𝑋 = 0 bei einer geschlossenen Volkswirtschaft
▪ 𝐺 = 𝑇 bei einem ausgeglichenem Haushalt
Private Ersparnis (S)
𝑆 𝑝𝑟 = 𝑌 𝑉 − 𝐶 = 𝑌 − 𝑇 − 𝐶 ⇔ 𝑌 = 𝑆 𝑝𝑟 + 𝑇 + 𝐶
Staatliche Ersparnis (S)
𝑆 𝑠𝑡 = 𝑇 − 𝐺
Gesamtwirtschaftliche Ersparnis
𝑺 = 𝑺𝒑𝒓 + 𝑺𝒔𝒕 = 𝒀 − 𝑻 − 𝑪 + 𝑻 − 𝑮 = 𝒀 − 𝑪 − 𝑮
𝑌 = 𝐶 + 𝐺 + 𝐼 + 𝑁𝑋 ⟺ 𝑌 − 𝐶 − 𝐺 = 𝑁𝑋 + 𝐼
𝑌−𝐶−𝐺 =𝑆 ⟹ 𝑁𝑋 + 𝐼 = 𝑆
𝑌 = 𝑌𝑉 + 𝑇
𝑌 = 𝐶 + 𝑆 𝑝𝑟 + 𝑇
Bruttonationaleinkommen
𝐵𝑁𝐸 = 𝐵𝐼𝑃 + 𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑓𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑒 𝑃𝑟𝑖𝑚ä𝑟𝑒𝑖𝑛𝑘𝑜𝑚𝑚𝑒𝑛 𝑎𝑢𝑠 𝑑𝑒𝑚 𝑅𝑒𝑠𝑡 𝑑𝑒𝑟 𝑊𝑒𝑙𝑡
− 𝑔𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑡𝑒 𝑃𝑟𝑖𝑚ä𝑟𝑒𝑖𝑛𝑘𝑜𝑚𝑚𝑒𝑛
Nettonationaleinkommen
𝑁𝑁𝐸 = 𝐵𝑁𝐸 − 𝐴𝑏𝑠𝑐ℎ𝑟𝑒𝑖𝑏𝑢𝑛𝑔𝑒𝑛
Volkseinkommen
𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑘𝑠𝑒𝑖𝑛𝑘𝑜𝑚𝑚𝑒𝑛
= 𝑁𝑁𝐸 − 𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑘𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠 − 𝑢𝑛𝑑 𝐼𝑚𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑎𝑏𝑔𝑎𝑏𝑒𝑛 𝑎𝑛 𝑑𝑒𝑛 𝑆𝑡𝑎𝑎𝑡
+ 𝑆𝑢𝑏𝑣𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑛 𝑣𝑜𝑚 𝑆𝑡𝑎𝑎𝑡
Lohnquote
𝐴𝑟𝑏𝑒𝑖𝑡𝑛𝑒ℎ𝑚𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑔𝑒𝑙𝑡
𝐿𝑜ℎ𝑛𝑞𝑢𝑜𝑡𝑒 =
𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑘𝑠𝑒𝑖𝑛𝑘𝑜𝑚𝑚𝑒𝑛
Nominales BIP
𝑁𝑜𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝐵𝐼𝑃 = 𝑅𝑒𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝐵𝐼𝑃 ∗ 𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑖𝑠𝑛𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑎𝑢 = 𝑃𝑌
Volkswirtschaftliche Gesamtrechnung (VGR)
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