BIO 189 FINAL ARIZONA COLLEGE OF NURSING EXAM QUESTIONS WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS!!
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BIO 189 ARIZONA COLLEGE OF NURSING
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BIO 189 ARIZONA COLLEGE OF NURSING
■ How can the sequence of bases contribute to the diversity among species? - Answer-DIFFERENT
SEQUENCES OF BASES MAKE DIFFERENT TRAITS
■ Introns and Exons - Answer-INXONS ARE NOT NEEDED (IN TRASH),
EXONS ARE THE PART OF NUCLEOTIDE THAT DO CODE FOR MAKING THE PROTEIN AND ARE READ
(ESSENTIAL)...
BIO 189 FINAL ARIZONA COLLEGE OF NURSING ■ How can the sequence of bases contribute to the diversity among species? - Answer -DIFFERENT SEQUENCES OF BASES MAKE DIFFERENT TRAITS ■ Introns and Exons - Answer -INXONS ARE NOT NEEDED (IN TRASH), EXONS ARE THE PART OF NUCLEOTIDE THAT DO CODE FOR MAKING THE PROTEIN AND ARE READ (ESSENTIAL) ■ What are histones? - Answer -THE PROTEINS DNA WRAPS AROUND, HELPS BUILD SHAPE OF CHROMOSOMES ■ What are the nucleotide bases? - Answer -adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G) and thymine (T). ■ What is a centromere? - Answer -HOLD CHROMATIDS TOGETHER, IN CENTER ■ What is base pairing? - Answer -A base pair consists of two complementary DNA nucleotide bases that pair together to form a "rung of the DNA ladder." ■ What type of bond hold the DNA base pairs together? - Answer -HYDROGEN BONDS HOLD THEM TOGETHER ○ Examples of polygenic and pleiotropic inheritance - Answer -Polygenic - MANY , MANY GENES, A BUNCH OF GENES INVOLVED IN A SINGLE TRAIT Pleiotropic - ONE GENE THAT AFFECTS SEVERAL CHARACTERISTICS Skin color - Polygenic ■ Height - Pleiotropic ■ Sickle Cell Disease - Pleiotropic ○ How are CHROMATIDS organized within the chromosome? - Answer -DNA CAN FORM CHROMATIDS, 2 CHROMATIDS TIED TOGETHER BY CENTOMERE IT FORMS A CHROMOSOME DNA => CHROMATIDS => CHROMOSOMES ○ The effects of nondisjunction - Answer -○ CHROMOSOME FAILS TO SEPARATE DURING ANAPHASE, CAN HAVE EXTRA OR FEWER CHROMOSOMES AND LEADS TO DISORDERS ○ What are sister chromatids? - Answer -COMPLETE COPY OF DNA, 2 IDENTICAL COPIES FORMED AFTER DNA REPLICATION ○ What are the components of a nucleotide? - Answer -SUGAR, PHOSPHATE GROUP MAKES SIDE OF LADDER, BASES = DNA = ATCG, RNA= URACIL HYDROGEN BONDS HOLD THEM TOGETHER ○ What are the steps of DNA replication? - Answer -HELICASE UNWINDS DNA PRIMER HELPS DNA POLYMERS KNOW WHERE TO ATTACH DNA POLYMERS, ASSEMBLE THE NEW HALF OF STRAND LIGASE, FIXES ANY GAPS ○ What did Hershey & Chase contribute to the discovery of DNA? - Answer -PROVED THAT DNA IS HEREDITY NOT PROTEINS BY FOLLOWING BACTERIOPHAGE ○ What did Watson and Crick develop? - Answer -USED ROSALIND DATA TO CREATE A DOUBLE HELIX DNA 3D MODEL USING HER IMAGE ○ What is the purpose of crossing over and when does it occur? - Answer -WHAT HAPPENS WITH HOMOLOGUS CHROMOSOMES, A SWAPPING OF GENES, HAPPENS DURING PROPHASE 1, ALLOWING GENETIC DIVERSITY , MAKES NEW GENE COMPOSITIONS ○ What is the result of DNA replication? - Answer -2 SEMI CONSERVATIVE STRANDS OF DNA ARE MADE
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