Summary The Crusades and the Crusader States 1095–1192: Crusader States (pt. 2)
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Course
The Crusades and the Crusader States 1095-1192
Institution
OCR
This provides an in-depth summary of the later stages of the Crusader States from the above unit. All summaries are under clear headings and sub-titles. There are also overviews of arguments (useful for essay planning) and a timeline.
1149-1163:
Greater Islamic threat due to jihad, lack of alliances, shortage of men, lack of single
leadership, internal politics in Jerusalem (need a strong King) → Change in Western
attitudes and relations
Improvement in relations with Crusader States, alliances and a stronger King of Jerusalem
→ No improvement in the ongoing shortage of men
Nur ad-Din:
Very pious reputation → patron of religious learning, schools, scholars and mosques and
Madrases grew throughout Syria and he founded 20/40 built and built the House of Justice
and hospitals.
Image of a just ruler → judge, jurist, theologian, educated, literate, orthodox = 1161 took the
kajj, rebuilt Medina’s walls which is a political and holy act declaring his new power
Concentrated resources in Syria so he could consolidate power before extending it and
jihad was integrated in his policies as he demanded support for renewals of Holy War →
raised profile of jihad as a real concept of political and military power against the West
Crusader States 2 1
, How secure were the Crusader States:
→Victory at Battle of Inab confirmed Muslim hold over Edessa and surrounding areas
→1160s Nur ad-Din began to threaten Crusader Kingdom, theatre of conflict is Egypt
Baldwin III Nur
ad-Din
YEAR EVENT SCORE YEAR EVENT SCORE
Marched North
Marriage
after Raymond
alliance with
1149 defeat (Inab) 4 1147 5
the Governor of
and restored
Damascus
order
Subdued
Damascus
using
Ruled Antioch propaganda =
1149 3 1150-4 6
and Jerusalem Aleppo and
Damascus
united under
one man
Baldwin
+Melisende’s
disagreement,
Truce with
Jerusalem
Crusaders
divided and
1152 1 1154 which allowed 5
church
him to secure
mediation
Syrian territory
limited
Melisende to
Nablus
Ruled Tripoli
Seriously ill and
1152 after Raymond 2 1157-8 1
almost died
II murder
Constance
married Crusaders
Reynald, recaptured
1153 French knight 4 1158 Harim and 2
and defender Antioch on the
of the Crusader offensive
States
Crusader States 2 2
, Baldwin
+Melisende Christian
reconciled = armies at
influence in Antioch knew
1153 Northern Syria 5 1159 he was 3
increased after outnumbered
Treaty of and negotiated
Damascus a truce
broken in 1157
Secured Did not push
Ascalon = all advantage after
ports on capturing
1153 6 1161 3
Palestinian Reynald and
coast = trade made a truce
security with Baldwin III
Few reliable
Took haji to
advisors +
Mecca and
1154 Melisende 2 1161 5
rebuilt Medina’s
associated
walls
again
Married
Reynald
1158 Emperor 6 1161 3
captured
Manuel’s niece
House of
Failed to Justice
1159 1 1163 6
capture Aleppo completed in
Damascus
Manuel married
1161 Maria of 4
Antioch
Died suddenly
1163 of consumption 2
at 33
→ Score is for how successful they were
Crusader States 2 3
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