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COMPLETE REVIEWED STUDY GUIDE SUMMARY NR 545 EXAMS
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COMPLETE REVIEWED STUDY GUIDE SUMMARY NR 545 EXAMS
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COMPLETE REVIEWED STUDY GUIDE SUMMARY NR 545 EXAMS1. Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics
Pharmacokinetics: The study of drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and
excretion. Key concepts include bioavailability, half-life, and first-pass metabolism.
Pharmacodynamics: How drugs affect the body, including mechanisms of action, drug-
receptor interactions, and dose-response relationships.
2. Drug Classification and Mechanisms
Drug Classes: Common classes include antibiotics, antihypertensives, antidepressants,
and antidiabetics. Understanding the general mechanisms, indications, and side effects of
these classes is crucial.
Mechanisms of Action: How different drugs work at the cellular level, including
agonists, antagonists, and enzyme inhibitors.
3. Therapeutic Use and Drug Therapy Management
Patient Assessment: Evaluating the effectiveness of drug therapy, monitoring for side
effects, and making adjustments as needed.
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring: Methods for ensuring drugs are within therapeutic
ranges, including peak and trough levels.
4. Drug Interactions and Adverse Effects
Drug Interactions: How different drugs can affect each other, including additive,
synergistic, or antagonistic effects.
Adverse Effects: Common and serious side effects associated with different drug classes.
Recognizing and managing these effects is key to safe drug therapy.
5. Special Populations
Pediatrics: Considerations for drug dosing and safety in children.
Geriatrics: Adjustments needed for elderly patients, including polypharmacy and age-
related physiological changes.
Pregnancy and Lactation: Safe prescribing practices for pregnant and breastfeeding
women.
6. Legal and Ethical Considerations
Prescribing Laws: Regulations governing the prescription and dispensing of
medications.
Ethical Issues: Informed consent, patient autonomy, and ethical considerations in drug
therapy.
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