ENA CEN Review Professional Issues
Autonomy - CORRECT ANSWER-The right to make one's own choices and have those choices
respect
Beneficence - CORRECT ANSWER-The duty to help others by providing care to improve health or
quality of life
Nonmaleficence - CORRECT ANSWER-The duty to do no harm and cause no risk of harm to
others
Justice - CORRECT ANSWER-To be fair and impartial
Cultural considerations - CORRECT ANSWER-Beliefs/decision-making, diverse groups, cultural
issues/practices, language barriers, familial presence, grief and loss
Evidence based practice - CORRECT ANSWER-Conscious, explicit and judicious use of current
best evidence in making decisions about the care of patience, based on clinical experience and
research
Quantitative study - CORRECT ANSWER-A deductive process that uses numeric findings for
qualification, examines relationships between variables and determines cause and effect
Random controlled trial - CORRECT ANSWER-Large experimental research study designed to
randomly assign patients to experimental and non-experimental groups, comparing the results of
one form of treatment against a control group that receives the current standard of care, often
considered gold standard
Systematic review and meta-analysis - CORRECT ANSWER-Review of multiple studies on a
particular topic that identifies in critically analyzes the best research and makes practice
recommendations based on that analysis
Cohort study - CORRECT ANSWER-Subjects who have a certain condition or receive a particular
treatment or followed overtime and compared with another group not affected by that condition
Qualitative study - CORRECT ANSWER-An inductive process involving reviews where words, not
numbers, are used to give meaning to Data, involves interaction between the researcher and the
subject
Case study - CORRECT ANSWER-A study that generally highlights an unusual or interesting case
a practitioner has encountered
Critical incident stress - CORRECT ANSWER-A normal reaction by the body in mind to a very
abnormal event, reactions may interfere with a person's ability to function or cope at the scene or
later
Critical incident stress behavioral clinical manifestations - CORRECT ANSWER-Restlessness,
irritability and moodiness, antisocial behavior, increased alcohol consumption
Critical incident stress cognitive clinical manifestations - CORRECT ANSWER-Poor concentration,
confusion or uncertainty, nightmares
, Critical incident stress physical clinical manifestations - CORRECT ANSWER-Vomiting, chills,
headaches, disrupted sleep, muscle, tremors, chest pain
Critical incident stress emotional clinical manifestations - CORRECT ANSWER-Depression,
anxiety, intense, anger, grief, guilt
Critical incident stress interventions - CORRECT ANSWER-Intervention program, diffusing,
debriefing
Diffusing - CORRECT ANSWER-20-45mins conducted within 12hrs of event, small number of
people
debriefing - CORRECT ANSWER-7 steps 1-3 days after event, intro - details - emotional
responses - personal reactions/actions - symptoms - instruction - resumption - follow up
Triage - CORRECT ANSWER-Determining and prioritizing patient's treatments based on the
severity of their conditions
Two tiered triage - CORRECT ANSWER-Needs immediate treatment, doesn't need immediate
treatment
Three tiered triage - CORRECT ANSWER-Emergent, urgent, non-urgent
Four tiered triage - CORRECT ANSWER-Life-threatening, emergent, urgent, non-urgent
Five tiered triage - CORRECT ANSWER-ESI (severity, # of resources) CTAS (time of arrival to
time seen by nurse/provider)
Patient safety - CORRECT ANSWER-The avoidance, prevention, and amelioration of adverse
outcomes or injuries stemming from the process of healthcare
Error - CORRECT ANSWER-Failure of planned action to be completed as intended, of
commission, omission, or execution
Pedi safety considerations - CORRECT ANSWER-Inadequate training, weight based meds, ability
to communicate
Patient safe leadership support - CORRECT ANSWER-Error reporting systems, root cause
analysis, surveys, audits, surveillance, just culture and avoiding culture of blame, safety rounds
Patient safe Technology - CORRECT ANSWER-EMRs, electronic reporting systems/order entry,
smart pumps, barcode enabled point of care, standardized order sets
Patient safe teamwork and communication - CORRECT ANSWER-Standardized handoff
Handoff - CORRECT ANSWER-Transition of care occurs between equals or to a higher level of
care
Autonomy - CORRECT ANSWER-The right to make one's own choices and have those choices
respect
Beneficence - CORRECT ANSWER-The duty to help others by providing care to improve health or
quality of life
Nonmaleficence - CORRECT ANSWER-The duty to do no harm and cause no risk of harm to
others
Justice - CORRECT ANSWER-To be fair and impartial
Cultural considerations - CORRECT ANSWER-Beliefs/decision-making, diverse groups, cultural
issues/practices, language barriers, familial presence, grief and loss
Evidence based practice - CORRECT ANSWER-Conscious, explicit and judicious use of current
best evidence in making decisions about the care of patience, based on clinical experience and
research
Quantitative study - CORRECT ANSWER-A deductive process that uses numeric findings for
qualification, examines relationships between variables and determines cause and effect
Random controlled trial - CORRECT ANSWER-Large experimental research study designed to
randomly assign patients to experimental and non-experimental groups, comparing the results of
one form of treatment against a control group that receives the current standard of care, often
considered gold standard
Systematic review and meta-analysis - CORRECT ANSWER-Review of multiple studies on a
particular topic that identifies in critically analyzes the best research and makes practice
recommendations based on that analysis
Cohort study - CORRECT ANSWER-Subjects who have a certain condition or receive a particular
treatment or followed overtime and compared with another group not affected by that condition
Qualitative study - CORRECT ANSWER-An inductive process involving reviews where words, not
numbers, are used to give meaning to Data, involves interaction between the researcher and the
subject
Case study - CORRECT ANSWER-A study that generally highlights an unusual or interesting case
a practitioner has encountered
Critical incident stress - CORRECT ANSWER-A normal reaction by the body in mind to a very
abnormal event, reactions may interfere with a person's ability to function or cope at the scene or
later
Critical incident stress behavioral clinical manifestations - CORRECT ANSWER-Restlessness,
irritability and moodiness, antisocial behavior, increased alcohol consumption
Critical incident stress cognitive clinical manifestations - CORRECT ANSWER-Poor concentration,
confusion or uncertainty, nightmares
, Critical incident stress physical clinical manifestations - CORRECT ANSWER-Vomiting, chills,
headaches, disrupted sleep, muscle, tremors, chest pain
Critical incident stress emotional clinical manifestations - CORRECT ANSWER-Depression,
anxiety, intense, anger, grief, guilt
Critical incident stress interventions - CORRECT ANSWER-Intervention program, diffusing,
debriefing
Diffusing - CORRECT ANSWER-20-45mins conducted within 12hrs of event, small number of
people
debriefing - CORRECT ANSWER-7 steps 1-3 days after event, intro - details - emotional
responses - personal reactions/actions - symptoms - instruction - resumption - follow up
Triage - CORRECT ANSWER-Determining and prioritizing patient's treatments based on the
severity of their conditions
Two tiered triage - CORRECT ANSWER-Needs immediate treatment, doesn't need immediate
treatment
Three tiered triage - CORRECT ANSWER-Emergent, urgent, non-urgent
Four tiered triage - CORRECT ANSWER-Life-threatening, emergent, urgent, non-urgent
Five tiered triage - CORRECT ANSWER-ESI (severity, # of resources) CTAS (time of arrival to
time seen by nurse/provider)
Patient safety - CORRECT ANSWER-The avoidance, prevention, and amelioration of adverse
outcomes or injuries stemming from the process of healthcare
Error - CORRECT ANSWER-Failure of planned action to be completed as intended, of
commission, omission, or execution
Pedi safety considerations - CORRECT ANSWER-Inadequate training, weight based meds, ability
to communicate
Patient safe leadership support - CORRECT ANSWER-Error reporting systems, root cause
analysis, surveys, audits, surveillance, just culture and avoiding culture of blame, safety rounds
Patient safe Technology - CORRECT ANSWER-EMRs, electronic reporting systems/order entry,
smart pumps, barcode enabled point of care, standardized order sets
Patient safe teamwork and communication - CORRECT ANSWER-Standardized handoff
Handoff - CORRECT ANSWER-Transition of care occurs between equals or to a higher level of
care
