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Chapter 29 Vital Signs Objectives (1
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Chapter 29 Vital Signs Objectives (1
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Chapter 29 Vital Signs ObjectivesWhat is thermoregulation? - CORRECT ANSWER-the process by which humans maintain an
internal temperature within a tolerable range. It balances heat gain and loss.
What is the optimal temperature for your body set by the hypothalamus called? - CORRECT
ANSWER-"set point"
What does the anterior hypothalamus control? - CORRECT ANSWER-heat loss
what does the posterior hypothalamus control? - CORRECT ANSWER-heat production
what is the involuntary body response to temperature changes in the body called? - CORRECT
ANSWER-shivering
What is nonshivering thermogenesis? - CORRECT ANSWER-occurs primarily in neonates
because they can't shiver, a limited amount of vascular brown tissue is metabolized for heat
production.
What can affect the amount of heat produced? - CORRECT ANSWER-food consumption, physical
activity, and hormone levels (epinephrine)
peripheral vasoconstriction does what? - CORRECT ANSWER-is how the body conserves heat
Heat loss occurs because of multiple mechanism, such as? - CORRECT ANSWER-radiation,
conduction, convection, vasodilation, evaporation, diaphoresis, reduction of muscle tone, and
respiration
why does fever (pyrexia) occur? - CORRECT ANSWER-heat-loss mechanisms are unable to keep
pace with excessive heat production, resulting in abnormal rise in body temperature.
When does fever become harmful in adults and children? - CORRECT ANSWER-39 C (102.2 F)
in adults
40 C (104 F) in children
Acceptable temperature range for adults - CORRECT ANSWER-36C- 38C (96.8F - 100.4F)
What are pyrogens? - CORRECT ANSWER-Pyrogens such as bacteria and viruses elevate body
temperature by acting as antigens that trigger the immune system response. The hypothalamus
reacts to raise the set point and the body responds by producing and conserving heat.
febrile - CORRECT ANSWER-feverish
Afebrile means - CORRECT ANSWER-without fever
Sustained fever pattern - CORRECT ANSWER-the body temperature is continuously above 38° C
(100.4° F) with little fluctuation
intermittent fever - CORRECT ANSWER-fever spikes interspersed, temperature returns to normal
at least once every 24 hours
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