Exam (elaborations)
Key terms_ Ch. 13, 14, 15, 16, 26, 27 (1)
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Key terms_ Ch. 13, 14, 15, 16, 26, 27 (1)
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Key terms: Ch. 13, 14, 15, 16, 26, 27chain of infection - CORRECT ANSWER-infectious agent, reservoir, portal of exit, mode of
transmission, portal of entry, susceptible host
direct contact - CORRECT ANSWER-exposure or transmission of a communicable disease from
one person to another by physical contact
disinfectant - CORRECT ANSWER-a chemical substance that kills harmful bacteria or viruses
health care associated infection - CORRECT ANSWER-Infections associated with health care
delivery in any setting; previously known as nosocomial infection
indirect contact - CORRECT ANSWER-a way to transmit pathogens by touching something
contaminated by the infected person
localized infection - CORRECT ANSWER-an infection that is limited to a specific location in the
body and has local symptoms
medical asepsis - CORRECT ANSWER-clean technique
microorganism - CORRECT ANSWER-any organism of microscopic or submicroscopic size
normal flora and fauna - CORRECT ANSWER-plants and animals normally found in the human
body
pathogen - CORRECT ANSWER-a bacterium, virus, or other microorganism that can cause
disease
primary infection - CORRECT ANSWER-acute infection that causes the initial illness
secondary infection - CORRECT ANSWER-another infection by a different microbe
transmission based precautions - CORRECT ANSWER-special precautions implemented on the
basis of how the disease spreads
vector - CORRECT ANSWER-an insect or an animal that carries a pathogen that is passed to a
human
activities of daily living - CORRECT ANSWER-the activities usually done during a normal day in a
person's life
assisted care - CORRECT ANSWER-patients who need some assistance with ADLs
bath blanket - CORRECT ANSWER-a thin, lightweight cotton blanket used to cover the resident
during the bath and during many other procedures
draw sheet - CORRECT ANSWER-turning sheet that is placed under residents who are unable to
assist with turning, lifting or moving up in bed
, excoriation - CORRECT ANSWER-Skin sore or abrasion produced by scratching or scraping
hygiene - CORRECT ANSWER-conditions and practices that promote health
lesion - CORRECT ANSWER-a pathologic change of the tissues due to disease or injury
leukoplakia - CORRECT ANSWER-condition characterized by white spots or patches on mucous
membrane, which may be precancerous
lice - CORRECT ANSWER-small insects that attach to hair and feed on human blood
maceration - CORRECT ANSWER-softening of tissue by soaking
mitered corner - CORRECT ANSWER-hospital corner
mottling - CORRECT ANSWER-condition of spotting with patches of color
nits - CORRECT ANSWER-eggs of lice
ocular prosthesis - CORRECT ANSWER-artificial eye
seborrhea - CORRECT ANSWER-overactivity of the sebaceous glands that results in the
production of an excessive amount of sebum
self-care - CORRECT ANSWER-patients who are able to perform ADLs without assistance
special mouth care - CORRECT ANSWER-term used for oral care for patients whose conditions
result in a need for more frequent care and who need assistance for this care
tinea capitis - CORRECT ANSWER-ringworm of the scalp
total care - CORRECT ANSWER-patients who are able to do very little or nothing for themselves
venous return - CORRECT ANSWER-the flow of blood back to the heart
contracture - CORRECT ANSWER-fibrosis of connective tissue in the skin, fascia, muscle, or joint
capsule that prevents normal mobility of the related tissue or joint
dorsiflexion - CORRECT ANSWER-bending of the foot or the toes upward
footdrop - CORRECT ANSWER-complication resulting from extended plantar flexion
fowler's position - CORRECT ANSWER-a semi-sitting position; the head of the bed is raised
between 45 and 60 degrees
lateral position - CORRECT ANSWER-resident positioned on right or left
logroll - CORRECT ANSWER-Maneuver used to turn a reclining patient from one side to the other
or completely over without moving the spinal column out of alignment
orthopneic position - CORRECT ANSWER-sitting up and leaning over a table to breathe
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