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EMAIL:gabrielmusyoka940@gmail.com
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New Media Technology
COM 3704
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Part 1:
Beginnings: Creating
Context
Chapter 1 – New Media: Theories and applications
Chapter 2 – Forms of new media
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Chapter 1: New Media: Theories and applications
Brief history of communications media
1. 1837 – electronic telegraph, used variable-length binary code utilising a dot and a dash
as the two symbols represent by short and long electronic pulses.
2. 1875, fixed-length binary code consisting of 5 equal-length elements comprising a
mark or a space (1 or 0); facilitated the use of type writers, and real-time transmission
of speech was first achieved in 1875.
3. 1847 – first practical telephone was invented.
4. 1877 and 1890 – development of carbon microphone.
5. 1897 – automatic switch to replace manually operated switchboards.
6. 1913 – electronic amplification using vacuum tubes made transcontinental telephony
possible.
7. 1948 – invention of transistor resulted in improved reliability, increased capacity and
lower costs.
8. 1960 – first commercial telephone using digital switching was installed.
9. 1970 – first ratio telephone system or cellular system was introduced in japan in late
1970s.
Brief history of telephony in South Africa
1. 1878 – first telephone in the Cape, 1882 in PE, 1894 in DRB and PMB.
2. 1911 – Post office administration and shipping act combinations discouragement Act.
3. 1922 – first automatic exchange in Waterkloof
4. 1947- Cable and wireless workers transfer act
5. 1958 – post office act consolidates post office monopoly over telephony
6. 1991 – Telkom splits off from SA Post Office.
Second communications revolution
Introduction of computers – document typing and storage, file transfer and
computer-to-computer communications.
Revolution in microelectronics – flat-screen televisions with better definition, digital
mobile phones with advance applications, memory sticks and flash drives with more
storage capacity. Forms of telecommunications such as the radio, telephone (mobile
and landline), television and data networks (computing).
Dawn of the information society - Broadband, “fastest Internet ever”. Potential to
revolutionise business, improve economic development, increase productivity and help
establish an information society and attract foreign investment.
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