Exam (elaborations)
NUR 2060 Final Exam - Drug Specifics (1)
- Course
- Institution
NUR 2060 Final Exam - Drug Specifics (1)
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
lydiaomutho
Content preview
NUR 2060 Final Exam - Drug SpecificsVitamin A - Retinol - ANS-Actions: eyes (adaptation to dim), embryogenesis, spermatogenesis,
immunity, growth, skin and mucous membranes
Sources: dairy products, meat, fish, darkly colored fruits and vegetables
Vitamin D - ANS-Actions: calcium and phosphorous metabolism
Deficiency: kids - rickets; adults - osteomalacia
Sources: exposure to sunlight, milk, dairy products, cereal
Vitamin E - Alpha Tocopherol - ANS-Actions: unknown; antioxidant, may have a role in
preventing CV disease and cancer
Sources: vegetable oils and whole wheat products
Vitamin K - ANS-Actions: synthesis of prothrombin and other clotting factors, coagulation of
blood, antagonist for oral anticoagulants (Warfarin)
Deficiency: bleeding
Vitamin C - Ascorbic Acid - ANS-Actions: synthesis of adrenal steroids, conversion of folic acid
to folinic acid, regulation of respiratory cycle in mitochondria, required for production of collagen,
antioxidant
Deficiency: scurvy
Sources: citrus fruits, tomatoes, potatoes, strawberries, melons, spinach, broccoli
Niacin - Nicotinic Acid - ANS-Actions: used as medicine to reduce cholesterol levels, essential
for cellular respiration
Deficiency: pellagra (dermatitis, diarrhea, mental disturbances)
Sources: liver, poultry, fish, potatoes, peanuts, cereal
Thiamin - Vitamin B1 - ANS-Action: essential co-enzyme for carbohydrate metabolism
Deficiency: beriberi (pain and paralysis of extremities, heart failure, severe weight loss),
common among alcoholics causing Wernike-Korsakoff syndrome
Sources: pork; enrichned, fortified or whole grain products, especially breads and cereals
Riboflavin - Vitamin B2 - ANS-Actions: an enzyme for multiple oxidative reactions
Sources: milk, yogurt, cheese, bread, fortified cereals
Pantothenic Acid - Vitamin B5 - ANS-Uses: acne, hyperlipidemia, osteoarthritis
Action: involved in oxidative metabolism of carbohydrates, gluconeogenesis, synthesis and
degradation of fatty acids, synthesis of sterols, steroid hormones and porphyrins; also assists in
absorption of other B vitamins
Sources: variety of foods, deficiency is rare
, Pyridoxine - Vitamin B6 - ANS-Actions: metabolism of amino acids and proteins
Deficiency: peripheral neuritis (may be caused by isoniazid)
Sources: fortified, ready to eat cereals, meat, fish, poultry, white potatoes, starchy vegetables,
noncitrus fruits, organ meats
Cyanocobalamin - Vitamin B12 - ANS-Action: essential for DNA synthesis
Deficiency: megoblastic anemia (oversized cells in bone marrow that can't mature = anemia),
neurological damage to brain and spinal cord; usually need lifelong therapy
Routes: IM or SQ or intranasally
Sources: enriched grain products
Folic Acid - Folacin - ANS-Action: essential for DNA synthesis
Deficiency: megaoblastic anemia or other anemias, injury to oral and GI mucosa, fetal neural
tube defects (Spina bifida)
· Poor diet or malabsorption in alcoholism and sprue
Sources: enriched grain products
Pregnancy: must use in EARLY pregnancy, so for all women of childbearing years
Route: oral (folate)
Toxicity: not even in high doses
lyspro (Hymalog) - ANS-Must eat within 15 min
aspart (Novalog) - ANS-Administer 5-10 min before meal
glulisine (Apidra) - ANS-Administer 15 min before or 20 min after starting meal
regular (Humulin-R, Novolin R) - ANS-Route: sliding scale, IV
Onset 30-60 min, must eat soon
Clear, often mixed with intermediate or long acting
NPH (Humulin N, Novolin N) - ANS-Dose: sub Q, qd or bid ac - before breakfast, afternoon,
dinner and midnight
Cloudy, roll to mix without bubbles
Longer duration sustainable for mixing with short duration insulins
detemir (Levemir) - ANS-Dose: qd or bid, subQ
Slow onset nad long duration, duration is dose dependent (>dose = >duration)
Basal glycemic control
DO NOT MIX with other insulins; not given IV; need prescription
glargine (Lantus) - ANS-Dose: qday, bedtime
Up to 24 hours, no peak concentration so fewer hypoglycemic events and steady glucose state
ADR: hypoglycemia (rare), pain at injection site
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller lydiaomutho. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $7.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
79373 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now