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NUR 2060 Pharm Neuro PART 1 (1)
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NUR 2060 Pharm Neuro PART 1 (1)
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NUR 2060 Pharm Neuro PART 1Neuropharmacology is divided into: - ANS-Peripheral and Central Nervous Systems
two different sites of actions - ANS-axons, synapsis
axonal conduction - ANS-not selective, local anesthetics
synaptic transmission - ANS-drugs that alter synaptic transmission, highly selective
receptor - ANS-ability of a neuron to influence the behavor of another cell depends upon the
ability of that neuron to alter receptor activity on the target cell
target cell - ANS-another neuron, muscle or secretory gland
how do neuropharmacologic drugs produce effects? - ANS-directly/indirectly altering receptor
activity
MORT - ANS-all organs are regulated through stimulation of type A receptors. selective drug
action is impossible
MERV - ANS-has four type of receptors (A,B,C,D) to regulate his four organs. selective drug
action is possible
what are the three types of info to understand PNS - ANS-1. the type or types of receptors
through which the drug acts.
2. the normal response to activation of those receptors
3. what the drug in question does to a receptor function
what receptors does isoproterenol act on? - ANS-Beta 1 and Beta 2
Beta 1 receptors - ANS-Increases HR and increases force of cardiac contraction
Beta 2 receptors - ANS-leads to bronchial dilation and elevation of glucose
What is isoproterenol used for? - ANS-used for slow heart rates (bradycardia) and to decrease
bronchospasm during anethesia
What sort of response is expected in a patient who takes isoproterenol? - ANS-increase in
cardiac output by increased contraction and increased HR. dilation of bronchi and increase in
blood glucose
, Divisions of the Central Nervous System (2) - ANS-Brain, spinal cord
Divisions of the Peripheral Nervous System - ANS--somatic motor system (muscles under
voluntary control)
-parasympathetic nervous system (autonomic-normal/relaxed)
-sympathetic nervous system (autonomic-ready for action)
Three principal functions of the autonomic nervous system - ANS-1. regulate heart rate
2. Regulate secretory glands (salivary, gastric, sweat, and bronchial)
3. Regulate smooth muscles (bronchi, blood vessels, urogenital, GI tract
Seven regulatory functions of the Parasympathetic Nervous System - ANS-1. slowing heart rate,
increasing gastric secretions, emptying the bladder, emptying the bowel, focusing the eye for
near vision, constricting the pupil, contracting bronchial smooth muscle
PNS drug functions include: - ANS-digestion of food, excretion of waste, control of vision,
conservation of energy
Three Main Functions of Sympathetic Nervous System - ANS-Regulation of cardiovascular
system, regulation of body temp, implementation of fight or flight reaction
What are the homeostatic objectives of the Sympathetic Nervous system? - ANS-maintenance
of blood flow to the brain, redistribution of blood flow during exercise, compensation of loss of
blood, primarily causing vasoconstriction
many organs recieve dual intervention: what is that? - ANS-influence of sympathetic nerves
opposes that of parasympathetic nerves
what are blood vessels innervated by? - ANS-sympathetic nerves
Main elements of the feedback loop - ANS-1. sensor
2. effector
3. neurons connecting the sensor to the effector
what is the entire procedure of a feedback look ultimately called? - ANS-reflex
baro-receptor reflex - ANS-the most important feedback loop of ANS, regulates blood pressure.
Where is the baro-receptor reflex located? - ANS-carotid sinus of aortic arch
What are the principle neurotransmitters of the PNS? - ANS-acetylcholine, norepineherine,
epinephrine, dopamine
What is the principle transmitter released by the adrenal medulla? - ANS-epinephrine
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