BIO 100 Lab Test 1 Questions and Answers

What is the smallest unit of life? Ans: Cells To which kingdom do single celled organisms with considerable internal complexity belong? Ans: Protista What is the difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes? Ans: Prokaryote- has no nucleus (free DNA) Eukaryote- has nucleus List the four steps in the scientific method. Ans: Observe--Hypothesize-- Test-- Interpret Formulate a hypothesis for determining the beneficial effect of a nutritional substance. Ans: If a substance has a higher caloric intake then more energy will be provided. Define dependent and independent variable. Ans: dependent: the outcome based on the variable we controlled independent variable: the one we control/manipulate, variable being tested List three criteria for judging the reliability of a scientific report. Ans: Logical, observational, and Emperical List the four major groups of macromolecules and their basic structural units. Ans: Proteins: formed by amino acids (enzymes, muscles, hair) (monomers-- polymers) Carbohydrates: are made of glucose molecules (sugar, starch, chips) Lipids: formed by fatty acids (fats, oils, cholesterol, cell membrane) Nucleic Acids: consist of nucleotides (RNA, DNA) What is the principal function of carbohydrates? Ans: storage of energy (starch, glycogen) and they are also part of the structural component (cellulose in plants and chitin in animals). Carbohydrates are the most common source of biochemical energy. Name three cellul