Exam (elaborations)
Biology 133 Exam 1 (1)
- Course
- Institution
Biology 133 Exam 1 (1)
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
modockochieng06
Content preview
Biology 133 Exam 1Gene - ANS-segment of DNA that codes for production of a protein
Allele - ANS-variant of a gene
Sickle-cell anemia - ANS-caused by mutated gene that codes for a component of defective
hemoglobin
Hemoglobin - ANS-protein in red blood cells that allows oxygen to move around the body
DNA - ANS-ATGC double stranded
RNA - ANS-AUGC single stranded intermediary between genes and proteins
Chromosomes - ANS-long strand of DNA and proteins that contains many genes
How chromosomes do humans have? - ANS-46
Genome - ANS-all genes in cells of a particular type of organism
How many genes is the human genome - ANS-20,000
Genotype - ANS-alleles an organism contains
Phenotype - ANS-how alleles are expressed; what the organism looks like
Karyotype - ANS-chart that displays chromosome pairs in size order
How can we use a karyotype? - ANS-to discover genetic infrequencies and disorders
Gregor Mendel - ANS-studied traits determined by a single gene
Mendelian traits - ANS-one gene that causes a specific phenotype
Examples of Mendelian traits - ANS-sickle-cell anemia
cystic fibrosis
hemophilia
Multifactorial traits - ANS-a trait caused by one or more genes and the environment
Examples of multifactorial traits - ANS-height
, hair color
hypertension
breast cancer
diabetes
Genetic factors for breast cancer - ANS-BRCA1 and BRCA2
Non-genetic factors for breast cancer - ANS-late menopause, first child after 30, alcohol use,
hormone therapy, obesity
Syndrome factors for breast cancer - ANS-some breast cancers are related to other genetic
syndromes
Genetic testing - ANS-analysis of human DNA, RNA, chromosomes, proteins, etc.
Genetic Information Nondiscriminational Act (GINA) - ANS-Act of Congress in the United States
designed to prohibit the use of genetic information in health insurance and employment
Direct-to-consumer genetic tests - ANS-genetic tests that are marketed directly to consumers
via television, print advertisements, or the Internet, providing access to a person's genetic
information without necessarily involving a doctor or insurance company in the process
Macromolecules - ANS-proteins
carbohydrates
lipids
nucleic acids
3 functions of enzymes - ANS-1. speed up reactions
2. structural support
3. control gene expression
Prions - ANS-known as rogue proteins and are the cause of "Mad Cow Disease"
Carbohydrates - ANS-long chain sugar molecules
3 functions of carbohydrates - ANS-1. energy for cell metabolism
2. structural support
3. cell identity
Lipids - ANS-fats
3 functions of lipids - ANS-1. provide energy as dietary fats
2. main component of cell membranes
3. hormones as chemical messengers
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller modockochieng06. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $7.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
81298 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now