A critically ill patient has a living will in the chart. The patient's condition has
deteriorated, but the spouse wants "everything done," regardless of the
patient's wishes. Which ethical principle is the spouse violating?
A) Nonmaleficence
B) Justice
C) Autonomy
D) Beneficence
Answer----...
MEDSURG FINAL EXAM Questions and Correct Answers A critically ill patient has a living will in the chart. The patient's condition has deteriorated, but the spouse wants "everything done," regardless of the patient's wishes. Which ethical principle is the spouse violating? A) Nonmaleficence B) Justice C) Autonomy D) Beneficence Answer ---- Autonomy The nurse is caring for a patient admitted with a traumatic brain injury following a motor vehicle crash. Several weeks later, the patient is still ventilator dependent and unresponsive to stimulation but occ asionally takes a spontaneous breath. The physician explains to the family that the patient has severe neurological impairment and is not expected to recover consciousness. The nurse recognized that this patient is: A) brain dead B) in a persistent vegeta tive state C) terminally ill D) an organ donor Answer ---- in a persistent vegetative state A nurse caring for a patient with neurological impairment often must use painful stimuli to elicit the patient's response. The nurse uses subtle measures of painf ul stimuli, such as nail bed pressure. She neither slaps the patient nor pinches the nipple to elicit a response to pain. In this scenario, the nurse is exemplifying the ethical principle of: A) veracity - obligation to tell the truth B) fidelity - moral du ty to be faithful C) nonmaleficence - to not intentionally harm others D) beneficence - demonstrates actions intended to benefit others Answer ---- nonmaleficence The critical care nurse wants a better understanding of when to initiate an ethics consult. A fter attending an educational program, the nurse understands that the following situation would require an ethics consultation: A) Patient with multiple trauma & is not responding to treatment. No family members are known, and the health care team is deba ting if care is futile. B) Family members disagree as to a patient's course of treatment. The pt has designated health care proxy & has written advance directive. C) Conflict has occurred between physician & family regarding txt decisions. Family conference is held. Family & physician agree to txt plan that includes aggressive treatment for 24 hrs. followed by reevaluations. D) Patient postop coronary artery bypass who sustained cardiopulm arrest in operating room. He was resuscitated, but now is not responding to txt. He has written advance directive & wife is present. Answer ---- Patient with multiple trauma and is not responding to treatment. No family members are known, and the health care team is debating if care is futile. A postsurgical patient is on a ventilator in the critical care unit. The patient has been tolerating the ventilator well and has not required any sedation. On assessment, the nurse notes the patient is tachycardic and hypertensive with an increased respiratory rate of 28 breaths/min. The patient has been suctioned recently via the endotracheal tube, and the airway is clear. The patient responds appropriately to the nurse's commands. The nurse should: A) provide sedation as ordered B) suction the patient again C) assess the patient's level of pain D) decrease the ventilator rate Answer ---- Assess the patient's level of pain
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