"Chemical Bonding: Exploring the Forces That Hold Matter Together"
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Course
Chemistry and Physics
Institution
Sixth Year / 12th Grade
Dive into the world of chemical bonding with this comprehensive presentation. Learn about the different types of bonds—ionic, covalent, and metallic—and their crucial roles in forming molecules and compounds. Understand how electronegativity, electron sharing, and transfer create the bonds that...
Chemical bonding is the attractive force that holds atoms together to
form molecules, crystals, and other stable structures. It is caused by the
interaction of the electrons of the atoms involved. There are three main
types of chemical bonds: ionic, covalent, and metallic.
Atoms can achieve the octet rule by forming chemical bonds, they are
more stable when their valence electrons are arranged in certain ways,
gains stability and decreases reactivity.
Octet rule
Octet rule: Each (Lewis, Kosset) atom tores to obtain the octet state.
Contraction of Octet Slate: Central atom is electron deficient or
does not have an octet state. eg. Bex2, BX3, ALX34
Expansion of Octet State: Central atom has more than 8 electrons
due to empty d orbitals. Eg PCl3, SF6, ICl3
Exceptions
other exceptions:
Transition (Cr3+, Fe 2+)
Pseudo Inert gas configuration (Zn2+)
Odd electron species (NO, NO2)
Irrler halogen compound (IF7, Brf3)
Compounds of Xenon (Xef2, Xef4)
1
, PYQ
2
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