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BioMed PLTW Unit 2 Vocab (1)
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BioMed PLTW Unit 2 Vocab (1)
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BioMed PLTW Unit 2 VocabGlucagon - ANS-A protein hormone secreted by pancreatic endocrine cells that raises blood
glucose levels; an antagonistic hormone to insulin.
Glucose Tolerance Test - ANS-A test of the body's ability to metabolize glucose that involves the
administration of a measured dose of glucose to the fasting stomach and the determination of
blood glucose levels in the blood or urine at intervals thereafter and that is used especially to
detect diabetes.
Homeostasis - ANS-The maintenance of relatively stable internal physiological conditions (as
body temperature or the pH of blood) in higher animals under fluctuating environmental
conditions.
Hormone - ANS-A product of living cells that circulates in blood and produces a specific, often
stimulatory, effect on the activity of cells that are often far from the source of the hormone.
Insulin - ANS-A protein hormone secreted by the pancreas that is essential for the metabolism
of carbohydrates and the regulation of glucose levels in the blood.
Negative Feedback - ANS-A primary mechanism of homeostasis, whereby a change in a
physiological variable that is being monitored triggers a response that counteracts the initial
fluctuation.
Positive Feedback - ANS-Feedback that tends to magnify a process or increase its output.
Type 1 Diabetes - ANS-Diabetes of a form that usually develops during childhood or
adolescence and is characterized by a severe deficiency of insulin, leading to high blood
glucose levels.
Type 2 Diabetes - ANS-Diabetes of a form that develops especially in adults and most often
obese individuals and that is characterized by high blood glucose resulting from impaired insulin
utilization coupled with the body's inability to compensate with increased insulin production.
Adenosine Tri-phosphate (ATP) - ANS-A compound composed of adenosine and three
phosphate groups that supplies energy for many biochemical cellular processes by undergoing
enzymatic hydrolysis.
Amino Acid - ANS-An organic monomer which serves as a building block of proteins.
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