URINALYSIS AND BODY FLUIDS 7TH EDITION TEST BANK LATEST REVISED LATEST UPDATE 2024 / 2025
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URINALYSIS AND BODY FLUIDS
Institution
URINALYSIS AND BODY FLUIDS
URINALYSIS AND BODY FLUIDS 7TH
EDITION TEST BANK LATEST REVISED
LATEST UPDATE 2024 / 2025
All of the following are considered normal functions of the kidney
Correct Answer regulating body hydration, elimination of
nitrogenous wastes, regulating electrolyte balance
The approximate number o...
URINALYSIS AND BODY FLUIDS 7TH EDITION TEST BANK LATEST REVISED LATEST UPDATE All of the following are considered normal functions of the kidney Correct Answer regulating body hydration, elimination of nitrogenous wastes, regulating electrolyte balance The approximate number of nephrons contained in each kidney is: Correct Answer 1,000,000 The order of blood flow through the nephron is: Correct Answer afferent arteriole, efferent arteriole, peritubular capillaries, vasa recta The total renal blood flow is approximately: Correct Answer 1200 mL/min The total renal plasma flow is approximately Correct Answer 600 mL/min The glomerular filtrate is described as a: Correct Answer protein -
free ultrafiltrate of plasma Increased production of aldosterone causes: Correct Answer increased plasma sodium levels The primary chemical affected by the renin -angiotensin -
aldosterone system is: Correct Answer sodium The specific gravity of the glomerular ultrafiltrate is: Correct Answer 1.01 All of the following are reabsorbed from the glomerular filtrate by active transport Correct Answer glucose, sodium and amino acids For active transport to occur, a chemical: Correct Answer must combine with a carrier protein to create electrochemical energy Water is passively reabsorbed in all parts of the nephron except the: Correct Answer ascending loop of Henle Most of the sodium filtered by the glomerulus is reabsorbed in the: Correct Answer proximal convoluted tubule The enzyme renin is produced by the kidney: Correct Answer in response to low plasma sodium levels Concentration of the tubular filtrate by the countercurrent mechanism is dependent on all of the following Correct Answer high salt concentration in the medulla, water -impermeable walls of the ascending loop of Henle, reabsorption of sodium and chloride from the ascending loop of Henle The osmotic gradient of the medulla: Correct Answer affects sodium reabsorption in the proximal convoluted tubule Aldosterone regulates sodium reabsorption in the: Correct Answer distal convoluted tubule Decreased production of vasopressin: Correct Answer produces a high urine volume Production of antidiuretic hormone is controlled by the: Correct Answer state of body hydration Substances removed from the blood by tubular secretion include primarily: Correct Answer protein -bound substances, hydrogen, and potassium Kidneys with impaired production of ammonia will consistently produce urine with a: Correct Answer high pH To enhance the excretion of hydrogen ions, ammonia is produced by the cells of the: Correct Answer distal convoluted tubule To maintain the buffering capacity of the blood, hydrogen ions combine with: Correct Answer filtered bicarbonate ions Clearance tests used to determine the glomerular filtration rate must measure substances that are: Correct Answer neither reabsorbed or secreted by the tubules Results for glomerular filtration tests are reported in: Correct Answer milliliters per minute All of the following are endogenous clearance test substances Correct Answer urea, creatinine, and beta 2 microglobulin Performing a clearance test using radionucleotides Correct Answer eliminates the need to collect urine, provides visualization of the filtration If a substance is completely filtered by the glomerulus and then completely reabsorbed by the tubules, the clearance of that substance will be: Correct Answer zero The most routinely used laboratory method for measuring the glomerular filtration rate is the: Correct Answer creatinine clearance The most common error in measuring the glomerular filtration rate using the creatinine clearance is: Correct Answer inaccurate timing of urine collection All of the following could cause falsely decreased creatinine clearance results Correct Answer consumption of a heavy meat during urine collection, noncreatinine plasma substances reacting in the chemical test, maintaining urine specimens at room temperature The body surface of the average person in square meters is: Correct Answer 1.73 An additional calculation that may be required in the creatinine clearance is a correction for: Correct Answer body size Calculate the creatinine clearance for a patient of average size from the following data: Urine volume: 720 mL for 12 hours, Urine creatinine: 120 mg/dL, Serum creatinine: 1.5 mg/dL Correct Answer 80 mL/min Performing a creatinine clearance is helpful for determining: Correct Answer the feasibility of administering medications John White donates one of his two healthy kidneys to his twin brother. His glomerular filtration rate can be expected to: Correct Answer remain within a normal range The renal function that is most frequently the first affected by early renal disease is: Correct Answer tubular reabsorption For accurate evaluation of renal tubular concentrating ability, patient preparation should include: Correct Answer fluid deprivation
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