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The Respiratory System Notes

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These thorough notes provide an extensive look of the respiratory system with in-depth descriptions of its components, operations, and processes. The text discusses every major component of the body, including the diaphragm and the nose, nasal cavity, throat, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and bronchiol...

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  • July 25, 2024
  • 3
  • 2023/2024
  • Class notes
  • Jonah wilfred
  • All classes
  • Secondary school
  • 9th Grade
  • 1
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Available practice questions

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Some examples from this set of practice questions

1.

What is the primary function of the respiratory system?

Answer: To exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide between the body and the environment.

2.

What are the main structures of the respiratory system?

Answer: The nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs.

3.

What is the role of the nose in the respiratory system?

Answer: To filter, warm, and humidify incoming air.

4.

What is the function of the pharynx?

Answer: It serves as a passageway for air and food.

5.

What is the larynx commonly known as, and what is its function?

Answer: Commonly known as the voice box, it produces sound and protects the trachea during swallowing.

6.

What is the trachea and its function?

Answer: The trachea, or windpipe, connects the larynx to the bronchi and allows air to pass through.

7.

How do the bronchi function in the respiratory system?

Answer: The bronchi branch off from the trachea and carry air into the lungs.

8.

What are alveoli and their function?

Answer: Tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs between air and blood.

9.

What muscle is primarily responsible for breathing?

Answer: The diaphragm.

10.

What happens during inhalation?

Answer: The diaphragm contracts and moves downward, increasing chest cavity volume and drawing air into the lungs.

The Respiratory System
~Notes~

Introduction:

The exchange of gasses between the environment and the body is carried out by the
respiratory system. It makes it easier for cells to take in oxygen, which is necessary for
metabolism, and to release carbon dioxide, which is a waste product of metabolism.

Main Components and Their Functions:

1. Nose and Nasal Cavity:
➔ Nostrils: Are the openings of the nose through which air enters the respiratory system.
➔ Nasal Cavity: contains cilia and mucous membranes that line it; it warms, moisturizes,
and filters incoming air.
➔ Olfactory Receptors: Detect odors.

2. Pharynx (Throat):
➔ Nasopharynx: Upper region, behind the nasal passage.
➔ Oropharynx: Transports food and air through the middle area, which is behind the
mouth.
➔ Laryngopharynx: Lower part, leading to the larynx and esophagus.

3. Larynx (Voice Box):
➔ Epiglottis: During swallowing, a flap keeps food from getting into the trachea.
➔ Vocal Cords: Makes noise as air flows through them.

4. Trachea (Windpipe):
➔ A tube that is kept open by cartilage rings shaped like a C.
➔ Lined to capture and remove foreign objects, with cilia and mucus.

5. Bronchi and Bronchioles:
➔ Bronchi: The trachea has two main branches that go into the lungs: the left and right.
➔ Bronchioles: Smaller bronchial branches that go towards the alveoli.

6. Lungs:
➔ Lobes: The right lung has three lobes; the left lung has two lobes.
➔ Alveoli: tiny air sacs with a capillary network surrounding them that are used for gas
exchange.

7. Diaphragm:

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