Summary
Samenvatting Cardiorespiratoire Pathologie - Obstructief longlijden Astma en COPD.
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onderdeel van het vak cardiorespiratoire kine samenvatting van het hoofdstuk : Obstructief longlijden Astma en COPD.
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By: sennegabriels13 • 3 year ago
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9. Obstructief longlijden, Astma & COPD........................................................................................................................3A. Definitie van Astma.................................................................................................................................................3
B. Risicofactoren voor astma.......................................................................................................................................3
1. Astma prevalentie in functie van leeftijd en geslacht..........................................................................................3
2. Prevalentie van astma.........................................................................................................................................3
3. ASTMA : onderliggende mechanismen................................................................................................................3
4. The role of IgE synthesis and mast cells in asthma..............................................................................................4
Allergenen...........................................................................................................................................................4
5. Sensitizers, Enhancers and Triggers for Asthma..................................................................................................4
6. Pathologische kenmerken van astma..................................................................................................................5
7. Airway pathology in asthma................................................................................................................................5
Bronchial hyperreactivity and airflow obstruction: role of airway wall edema...................................................5
Airway pathology during clinical remission.........................................................................................................5
Sensory innervation of the airways.....................................................................................................................6
8. Astma diagnose...................................................................................................................................................6
9. Astma - Piekstroom Metingen.............................................................................................................................6
Huidtesten...........................................................................................................................................................6
10. Astma: hyperreactieve luchtwegen...................................................................................................................6
Inspanningsastma................................................................................................................................................7
11. Astma behandeling : Vermijden risicofactoren.................................................................................................7
12. Astma: medicamenteuze behandeling..............................................................................................................7
13. Onderhoudsbehandeling van astma (ICS: inhalatie corticoiden) lezen niet kennen..........................................8
C. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease .COPD.......................................................................................................8
1. COPD definitie : GOLD.........................................................................................................................................8
2. COPD: prevalentie en mortaliteit.........................................................................................................................9
Mortaliteit wereldwijd.........................................................................................................................................9
Prevalentie in België............................................................................................................................................9
3. Kenmerken COPD vs Astma.................................................................................................................................9
COPD comprises several overlapping respiratory conditions..............................................................................9
4. COPD : risicofactoren...........................................................................................................................................9
Pathogenesis of COPD.......................................................................................................................................10
5. Emfyseem pathogenesis....................................................................................................................................12
Emphysema: pathophysiology...........................................................................................................................12
Kliniek................................................................................................................................................................12
Longfunctie........................................................................................................................................................12
Wijzigingen in longvolumes bij obstructieve aandoeningen..............................................................................12
Longvolume wijziging........................................................................................................................................12
RX Thorax...........................................................................................................................................................13
,6. GOLD: Classificatie naar ernst................................................................................................................................13
A. verwikkelingen..................................................................................................................................................13
B. COPD: klinische fenotypes.................................................................................................................................13
7. COPD: behandeling................................................................................................................................................14
A. Alle stadia..........................................................................................................................................................14
B. COPD en roken..................................................................................................................................................14
Manage Stable COPD: Key Points......................................................................................................................14
C. Behandeling stabiel COPD.................................................................................................................................15
Revalidatie.........................................................................................................................................................15
D. Volume reductie ingrepen.................................................................................................................................15
Zephyr™ valve system.......................................................................................................................................15
Endoscopische longvolume reductive Zephyr™ valve system...........................................................................16
Zephyr valve placement in RUL..........................................................................................................................16
VENT trial: results..............................................................................................................................................16
, 9. Obstructief longlijden, Astma & COPD
A. Definitie van Astma
Astma wordt klinisch gekenmerkt door herhaalde episoden van piepende ademhaling, benauwdheid,
kortademigheid en hoesten, vnl. ‘s nachts en/of in de vroege ochtend.
Deze symptomen zijn geassocieerd met obstructie van de luchtstroom welke (tenminste gedeeltelijk)
omkeerbaar is, hetzij spontaan, hetzij met medicatie.
Astma is een chronische inflammatoire aandoening van de luchtwegen waarbij vele cellen een rol spelen.
Deze ontsteking maakt de luchtwegen hyperresponsief voor allerlei stimuli (oa. allergenen, koude lucht of
inspanning)
B. Risicofactoren voor astma
Voorbeschikkende factoren:
o atopie
o Geslacht (mannen meer last als vrouwen)
Oorzakelijke factoren:
o allergenen binnenhuis( huisstofmijt, dierlijke epithelen)
o allergenen buitenhuis ( pollen, schimmels)
Bevorderende factoren:
o respiratoire infecties
o dieet
o luchtvervuiling
o roken
1. Astma prevalentie in functie van leeftijd en geslacht
2. Prevalentie van astma
De prevalentie van astma is de laatste jaren sterk toegenomen.
Gemiddelde prevalentiecijfers van astma:
o ± 10% bij het jonge kind
o ± 5% op volwassen leeftijd
Prevalentie van astma welke medische behandeling
nodig heeft: 2% bij kinderen en 1% bij volwassenen.
Mortaliteit t.g.v. astma: 2 /100.000 per jaar
3. ASTMA : onderliggende mechanismen
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