The black interior of the milk carton acts as a light barrier, preventing light from reaching the milk and reducing the risk of photooxidation. This helps to maintain the freshness, flavor, and nutritional content of the milk for a longer period. The black interior of the milk carton acts as a light barrier, preventing light from reaching the milk and reducing the risk of photooxidation. This helps to maintain the freshness, flavor, and nutritional content of the milk for a longer period. The black interior of the milk carton acts as a light barrier, preventing light from reaching the milk and reducing the risk of photooxidation. This helps to maintain the freshness, flavor, and nutritional content of the milk for a longer period. The black interior of the milk carton acts as a light barrier, preventing light from reaching the milk and reducing the risk of photooxidation. This helps to maintain the freshness, flavor, and nutritional content of the milk for a longer period. The black interior of the milk carton acts as a light barrier, preventing light from reaching the milk and reducing the risk of photooxidation. This helps to maintain the freshness, flavor, and nutritional content of the milk for a longer period. The black interior of the milk carton acts as a light barrier, preventing light from reaching the milk and reducing the risk of photooxidation. This helps to maintain the freshness, flavor, and nutritional content of the milk for a longer period. The black interior of the milk carton acts as a light barrier, preventing light from reaching the milk and reducing the risk of photooxidation. This helps to maintain the freshness, flavor, and nutritional content of the milk for a longer period. The black interior of the milk carton acts as a light barrier, preventing light from reaching the milk and reducing the risk of photooxidation. This helps to maintain the freshness, flavor, and nutritional content of the milk for a longer period. The black interior of the milk carton acts as a light barrier, preventing light from reaching the milk and reducing the risk of photooxidation. This helps to maintain the freshness, flavor, and nutritional content of the milk for a longer period. The black interior of the milk carton acts as a light barrier, preventing light from reaching the milk and reducing the risk of photooxidation. This helps to maintain the freshness, flavor, and nutritional content of the milk for a longer period. The black interior of the milk carton acts as a light barrier, preventing light from reaching the milk and reducing the risk of photooxidation. This helps to maintain the freshness, flavor, and nutritional content of the milk for a longer period. The black interior of the milk carton acts as a light barrier, preventing light from reaching the milk and reducing the risk of photooxidation. This helps to maintain the freshness, flavor, and nutritional content of the milk for a longer period. The black interior of the milk carton acts as a light barrier, preventing light from reaching the milk and reducing the risk of photooxidation. This helps to maintain the freshness, flavor, and nutritional content of the milk for a longer period. The black interior of the milk carton acts as a light barrier, preventing light from reaching the milk and reducing the risk of photooxidation. This helps to maintain the freshness, flavor, and nutritional content of the milk for a longer period. The black interior of the milk carton acts as a light barrier, preventing light from reaching the milk and PEDIATRICS 1. What does 'A' represent in the ABCD approach for newborn resuscitation? A) Airway B) Anticipation C) Apnea D) Amniotic fluid Answer: A) Airway Explanation: "In the ABCD approach, A stands for securing a patent airway by clearing amniotic fluid or meconium by suctioning." 2. What initial pressure should be used when ventilating a neonate? A) 5-10 cm H2O B) 15-20 cm H2O C) 20-25 cm H2O D) 30-35 cm H2O Answer: C) 20-25 cm H2O Explanation: "The pressure generated should begin at 20-25 cm H2O, with a rate of 40-60 breaths/minute." 3. At what rate should external cardiac massage be performed on a newborn? A) 60 compressions/minute B) 90 compressions/minute C) 120 compressions/minute The black interior of the milk carton acts as a light barrier, preventing light from reaching the milk and reducing the risk of photooxidation. This helps to maintain the freshness, flavor, and nutritional content of the milk for a longer period. The black interior of the milk carton acts as a light barrier, preventing light from reaching the milk and reducing the risk of photooxidation. This helps to maintain the freshness, flavor, and nutritional content of the milk for a longer period. The black interior of the milk carton acts as a light barrier, preventing light from reaching the milk and reducing the risk of photooxidation. This helps to maintain the freshness, flavor, and nutritional content of the milk for a longer period. The black interior of the milk carton acts as a light barrier, preventing light from reaching the milk and reducing the risk of photooxidation. This helps to maintain the freshness, flavor, and nutritional content of the milk for a longer period. The black interior of the milk carton acts as a light barrier, preventing light from reaching the milk and reducing the risk of photooxidation. This helps to maintain the freshness, flavor, and nutritional content of the milk for a longer period. The black interior of the milk carton acts as a light barrier, preventing light from reaching the milk and reducing the risk of photooxidation. This helps to maintain the freshness, flavor, and nutritional content of the milk for a longer period. The black interior of the milk carton acts as a light barrier, preventing light from reaching the milk and reducing the risk of photooxidation. This helps to maintain the freshness, flavor, and nutritional content of the milk for a longer period. The black interior of the milk carton acts as a light barrier, preventing light from reaching the milk and reducing the risk of photooxidation. This helps to maintain the freshness, flavor, and nutritional content of the milk for a longer period. The black interior of the milk carton acts as a light barrier, preventing light from reaching the milk and reducing the risk of photooxidation. This helps to maintain the freshness, flavor, and nutritional content of the milk for a longer period. The black interior of the milk carton acts as a light barrier, preventing light from reaching the milk and reducing the risk of photooxidation. This helps to maintain the freshness, flavor, and nutritional content of the milk for a longer period. The black interior of the milk carton acts as a light barrier, preventing light from reaching the milk and reducing the risk of photooxidation. This helps to maintain the freshness, flavor, and nutritional content of the milk for a longer period. The black interior of the milk carton acts as a light barrier, preventing light from reaching the milk and reducing the risk of photooxidation. This helps to maintain the freshness, flavor, and nutritional content of the milk for a longer period. The black interior of the milk carton acts as a light barrier, preventing light from reaching the milk and reducing the risk of photooxidation. This helps to maintain the freshness, flavor, and nutritional content of the milk for a longer period. The black interior of the milk carton acts as a light barrier, preventing light from reaching the milk and reducing the risk of photooxidation. This helps to maintain the freshness, flavor, and nutritional content of the milk for a longer period. The black interior of the milk carton acts as a light barrier, preventing light from reaching the milk and D) 150 compressions/minute Answer: C) 120 compressions/minute Explanation: "External cardiac massage should be performed at a rate of 120 compressions/minute with compressions and breaths given at a ratio of 3 : 1." 4. What concentration of oxygen should be administered during artificial ventilation? A) 21% B) 50% C) 75% D) 100% Answer: D) 100% Explanation: "100% oxygen should be administered through the mask." 5. How should epinephrine be administered in a newborn with bradycardia unresponsive to ventilation? A) Intramuscularly B) Subcutaneously C) Intravenously D) Orally Answer: C) Intravenously Explanation: "Intravenous (IV) epinephrine (1 : 10,000), 0.1-0.3 mL/kg, should be given through an umbilical venous line." 6. .A newborn with a diaphragmatic hernia and a low Apgar score needs immediate intervention. What should be done first? The black interior of the milk carton acts as a light barrier, preventing light from reaching the milk and reducing the risk of photooxidation. This helps to maintain the freshness, flavor, and nutritional content of the milk for a longer period. The black interior of the milk carton acts as a light barrier, preventing light from reaching the milk and reducing the risk of photooxidation. This helps to maintain the freshness, flavor, and nutritional content of the milk for a longer period. The black interior of the milk carton acts as a light barrier, preventing light from reaching the milk and reducing the risk of photooxidation. This helps to maintain the freshness, flavor, and nutritional content of the milk for a longer period. The black interior of the milk carton acts as a light barrier, preventing light from reaching the milk and reducing the risk of photooxidation. This helps to maintain the freshness, flavor, and nutritional content of the milk for a longer period. The black interior of the milk carton acts as a light barrier, preventing light from reaching the milk and reducing the risk of photooxidation. This helps to maintain the freshness, flavor, and nutritional content of the milk for a longer period. The black interior of the milk carton acts as a light barrier, preventing light from reaching the milk and reducing the risk of photooxidation. This helps to maintain the freshness, flavor, and nutritional content of the milk for a longer period. The black interior of the milk carton acts as a light barrier, preventing light from reaching the milk and reducing the risk of photooxidation. This helps to maintain the freshness, flavor, and nutritional content of the milk for a longer period. The black interior of the milk carton acts as a light barrier, preventing light from reaching the milk and reducing the risk of photooxidation. This helps to maintain the freshness, flavor, and nutritional content of the milk for a longer period. The black interior of the milk carton acts as a light barrier, preventing light from reaching the milk and reducing the risk of photooxidation. This helps to maintain the freshness, flavor, and nutritional content of the milk for a longer period. The black interior of the milk carton acts as a light barrier, preventing light from reaching the milk and reducing the risk of photooxidation. This helps to maintain the freshness, flavor, and nutritional content of the milk for a longer period. The black interior of the milk carton acts as a light barrier, preventing light from reaching the milk and reducing the risk of photooxidation. This helps to maintain the freshness, flavor, and nutritional content of the milk for a longer period. The black interior of the milk carton acts as a light barrier, preventing light from reaching the milk and reducing the risk of photooxidation. This helps to maintain the freshness, flavor, and nutritional content of the milk for a longer period. The black interior of the milk carton acts as a light barrier, preventing light from reaching the milk and reducing the risk of photooxidation. This helps to maintain the freshness, flavor, and nutritional content of the milk for a longer period. The black interior of the milk carton acts as a light barrier, preventing light from reaching the milk and reducing the risk of photooxidation. This helps to maintain the freshness, flavor, and nutritional content of the milk for a longer period. The black interior of the milk carton acts as a light barrier, preventing light from reaching the milk and A) Mask and bag ventilation B) Endotracheal intubation C) Bilateral thoracentesis D) Administration of naloxone Answer: B) Endotracheal intubation Explanation: "Evidence of a diaphragmatic hernia and a low Apgar score indicate that immediate endotracheal intubation is required." 7. If a neonate remains cyanotic despite artificial ventilation with a mask and bag, what should be the next step? A) Increase oxygen concentration B) Perform external cardiac massage C) Insert an endotracheal tube D) Administer epinephrine Answer: C) Insert an endotracheal tube Explanation: "If the infant does not revive, an endotracheal tube should be placed, attached to the anesthesia bag and manometer, and 100% oxygen should be administered." 8. During resuscitation, how should you respond if meconium -stained amniotic fluid is present? A) Delay ventilation initially B) Administer naloxone immediately C) Perform immediate cardiac massage D) Increase the rate of ventilation The black interior of the milk carton acts as a light barrier, preventing light from reaching the milk and reducing the risk of photooxidation. This helps to maintain the freshness, flavor, and nutritional content of the milk for a longer period. The black interior of the milk carton acts as a light barrier, preventing light from reaching the milk and reducing the risk of photooxidation. This helps to maintain the freshness, flavor, and nutritional content of the milk for a longer period. The black interior of the milk carton acts as a light barrier, preventing light from reaching the milk and reducing the risk of photooxidation. This helps to maintain the freshness, flavor, and nutritional content of the milk for a longer period. The black interior of the milk carton acts as a light barrier, preventing light from reaching the milk and reducing the risk of photooxidation. This helps to maintain the freshness, flavor, and nutritional content of the milk for a longer period. The black interior of the milk carton acts as a light barrier, preventing light from reaching the milk and reducing the risk of photooxidation. This helps to maintain the freshness, flavor, and nutritional content of the milk for a longer period. The black interior of the milk carton acts as a light barrier, preventing light from reaching the milk and reducing the risk of photooxidation. This helps to maintain the freshness, flavor, and nutritional content of the milk for a longer period. The black interior of the milk carton acts as a light barrier, preventing light from reaching the milk and reducing the risk of photooxidation. This helps to maintain the freshness, flavor, and nutritional content of the milk for a longer period. The black interior of the milk carton acts as a light barrier, preventing light from reaching the milk and reducing the risk of photooxidation. This helps to maintain the freshness, flavor, and nutritional content of the milk for a longer period. The black interior of the milk carton acts as a light barrier, preventing light from reaching the milk and reducing the risk of photooxidation. This helps to maintain the freshness, flavor, and nutritional content of the milk for a longer period. The black interior of the milk carton acts as a light barrier, preventing light from reaching the milk and reducing the risk of photooxidation. This helps to maintain the freshness, flavor, and nutritional content of the milk for a longer period. The black interior of the milk carton acts as a light barrier, preventing light from reaching the milk and reducing the risk of photooxidation. This helps to maintain the freshness, flavor, and nutritional content of the milk for a longer period. The black interior of the milk carton acts as a light barrier, preventing light from reaching the milk and reducing the risk of photooxidation. This helps to maintain the freshness, flavor, and nutritional content of the milk for a longer period. The black interior of the milk carton acts as a light barrier, preventing light from reaching the milk and reducing the risk of photooxidation. This helps to maintain the freshness, flavor, and nutritional content of the milk for a longer period. The black interior of the milk carton acts as a light barrier, preventing light from reaching the milk and reducing the risk of photooxidation. This helps to maintain the freshness, flavor, and nutritional content of the milk for a longer period. The black interior of the milk carton acts as a light barrier, preventing light from reaching the milk and Answer: A) Delay ventilation initially Explanation: "Breathing initially should be briefly delayed if meconium -stained amniotic fluid is present to avoid dissemination of meconium into the lungs, producing severe aspiration pneumonia." 9. What should be done if a newborn's central nervous system depression is suspected to be due to a narcotic given to the mother? A) Administer epinephrine B) Provide external cardiac massage C) Administer naloxone D) Perform endotracheal intubation Answer: C) Administer naloxone Explanation: "If central nervous system depression in the infant may be due to a narcotic medication given to the mother, 0.1 mg/kg of naloxone (Narcan) can be given to the infant intravenously or endotracheally." 10. What is a recommended treatment for infants of more than 35 weeks' gestation suffering from moderate to severe hypoxic -ischemic injury at birth? A) Administration of naloxone B) Induced therapeutic hypothermia C) Bilateral thoracentesis D) Transillumination of the thorax Answer: B) Induced therapeutic hypothermia Explanation: "In babies of more than 35 weeks' gestation suffering moderate to severe hypoxic -ischemic injury at birth, induced therapeutic hypothermia (33.0 -34.0°C) for 72
