Therapeutic Areas and Classes of Drugs Pharmacology covers a wide range of therapeutic areas, each with its own classes of drugs. Some of the major therapeutic areas include: Cardiovascular Drugs • Antihypertensives : Drugs that lower blood pressure, such as ACE inhibitors, beta -blockers, and calcium channel blockers. • Antiarrhythmics : Drugs that treat abnormal heart rhythms, such as amiodarone and lidocaine. • Anticoagulants and Antiplatelets : Drugs that prevent blood clotting, such as warfarin, heparin, and aspirin. Therapeutic Areas and Classes of Drugs Pharmacology covers a wide range of therapeutic areas, each with its own classes of drugs. Some of the major therapeutic areas include: Cardiovascular Drugs • Antihypertensives : Drugs that lower blood pressure, such as ACE inhibitors, beta -blockers, and calcium channel blockers. • Antiarrhythmics : Drugs that treat abnormal heart rhythms, such as amiodarone and lidocaine. • Anticoagulants and Antiplatelets : Drugs that prevent blood clotting, such as warfarin, heparin, and aspirin. Therapeutic Areas and Classes of Drugs Pharmacology covers a wide range of therapeutic areas, each with its own classes of drugs. Some of the major therapeutic areas include: Cardiovascular Drugs • Antihypertensives : Drugs that lower blood pressure, such as ACE inhibitors, beta -blockers, and calcium channel blockers. • Antiarrhythmics : Drugs that treat abnormal heart rhythms, such as amiodarone and lidocaine. • Anticoagulants and Antiplatelets : Drugs that prevent blood clotting, such as warfarin, heparin, and aspirin. Therapeutic Areas and Classes of Drugs Pharmacology covers a wide range of therapeutic areas, each with its own classes of drugs. Some of the major therapeutic areas include: Cardiovascular Drugs • Antihypertensives : Drugs that lower blood pressure, such as ACE inhibitors, beta -blockers, and calcium channel blockers. • Antiarrhythmics : Drugs that treat abnormal heart rhythms, such as amiodarone and lidocaine. • Anticoagulants and Antiplatelets : Drugs that prevent blood clotting, such as warfarin, heparin, and aspirin. Therapeutic Areas and Classes of Drugs Pharmacology covers a wide range of therapeutic areas, each with its own classes of drugs. Some of the major therapeutic areas include: Cardiovascular Drugs • Antihypertensives : Drugs that lower blood pressure, such as ACE inhibitors, beta -blockers, and calcium channel blockers. • Antiarrhythmics : Drugs that treat abnormal heart rhythms, such as amiodarone and lidocaine. • Anticoagulants and Antiplatelets : Drugs that prevent blood clotting, such as warfarin, heparin, and aspirin. Therapeutic Areas and Classes of Drugs Pharmacology covers a wide range of therapeutic areas, each with its own classes of drugs. Some of the major therapeutic areas include: Cardiovascular Drugs • Antihypertensives : Drugs that lower blood pressure, such as ACE inhibitors, beta -blockers, and calcium channel blockers. • Antiarrhythmics : Drugs that treat abnormal heart rhythms, such as amiodarone and lidocaine. • Anticoagulants and Antiplatelets : Drugs that prevent blood clotting, such as warfarin, heparin, and aspirin. Therapeutic Areas and Classes of Drugs Pharmacology covers a wide range of therapeutic areas, each with its own classes of drugs. Some of the major therapeutic areas include: Cardiovascular Drugs • Antihypertensives : Drugs that lower blood pressure, such as ACE inhibitors, beta -blockers, and calcium channel blockers. • Antiarrhythmics : Drugs that treat abnormal heart ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY I UPPER LIMB Questions 1-39 For each of the following multiple choice questions select the one most appropriate answer: 1. The spine of the scapula is continued laterally as the: A Coracoid porcess B Angle of the scapula C Infraglenoid tubercle D Supraglenoid tubercle E Acromion 2. Muscle attached to the coracoid process of scapula: A Biceps B Triceps C Pectoralis major D Deltoid E Serratus anterior 3. Vein which pierces the clavipectoral fascia: A Basilic B Lateral pectoral C Internal thoracic Therapeutic Areas and Classes of Drugs Pharmacology covers a wide range of therapeutic areas, each with its own classes of drugs. Some of the major therapeutic areas include: Cardiovascular Drugs • Antihypertensives : Drugs that lower blood pressure, such as ACE inhibitors, beta -blockers, and calcium channel blockers. • Antiarrhythmics : Drugs that treat abnormal heart rhythms, such as amiodarone and lidocaine. • Anticoagulants and Antiplatelets : Drugs that prevent blood clotting, such as warfarin, heparin, and aspirin. Therapeutic Areas and Classes of Drugs Pharmacology covers a wide range of therapeutic areas, each with its own classes of drugs. Some of the major therapeutic areas include: Cardiovascular Drugs • Antihypertensives : Drugs that lower blood pressure, such as ACE inhibitors, beta -blockers, and calcium channel blockers. • Antiarrhythmics : Drugs that treat abnormal heart rhythms, such as amiodarone and lidocaine. • Anticoagulants and Antiplatelets : Drugs that prevent blood clotting, such as warfarin, heparin, and aspirin. Therapeutic Areas and Classes of Drugs Pharmacology covers a wide range of therapeutic areas, each with its own classes of drugs. Some of the major therapeutic areas include: Cardiovascular Drugs • Antihypertensives : Drugs that lower blood pressure, such as ACE inhibitors, beta -blockers, and calcium channel blockers. • Antiarrhythmics : Drugs that treat abnormal heart rhythms, such as amiodarone and lidocaine. • Anticoagulants and Antiplatelets : Drugs that prevent blood clotting, such as warfarin, heparin, and aspirin. Therapeutic Areas and Classes of Drugs Pharmacology covers a wide range of therapeutic areas, each with its own classes of drugs. Some of the major therapeutic areas include: Cardiovascular Drugs • Antihypertensives : Drugs that lower blood pressure, such as ACE inhibitors, beta -blockers, and calcium channel blockers. • Antiarrhythmics : Drugs that treat abnormal heart rhythms, such as amiodarone and lidocaine. • Anticoagulants and Antiplatelets : Drugs that prevent blood clotting, such as warfarin, heparin, and aspirin. Therapeutic Areas and Classes of Drugs Pharmacology covers a wide range of therapeutic areas, each with its own classes of drugs. Some of the major therapeutic areas include: Cardiovascular Drugs • Antihypertensives : Drugs that lower blood pressure, such as ACE inhibitors, beta -blockers, and calcium channel blockers. • Antiarrhythmics : Drugs that treat abnormal heart rhythms, such as amiodarone and lidocaine. • Anticoagulants and Antiplatelets : Drugs that prevent blood clotting, such as warfarin, heparin, and aspirin. Therapeutic Areas and Classes of Drugs Pharmacology covers a wide range of therapeutic areas, each with its own classes of drugs. Some of the major therapeutic areas include: Cardiovascular Drugs • Antihypertensives : Drugs that lower blood pressure, such as ACE inhibitors, beta -blockers, and calcium channel blockers. • Antiarrhythmics : Drugs that treat abnormal heart rhythms, such as amiodarone and lidocaine. • Anticoagulants and Antiplatelets : Drugs that prevent blood clotting, such as warfarin, heparin, and aspirin. Therapeutic Areas and Classes of Drugs Pharmacology covers a wide range of therapeutic areas, each with its own classes of drugs. Some of the major therapeutic areas include: Cardiovascular Drugs • Antihypertensives : Drugs that lower blood pressure, such as ACE inhibitors, beta -blockers, and calcium channel blockers. • Antiarrhythmics : Drugs that treat abnormal heart D Axillary E Cephalic 4. The axillary vein: A Is lateral to the axillary artery B Is devoid of valves C Lies anterior to pectoralis minor D Is directly continuous with the brachiocephalic vein E None of the above 5. Branch of the axillary artery: A Suprascapular B Transverse cervical C Lateral thoracic D Nutrient artery to humerus E Internal thoracic 6. Origin from lateral cord of brachial plexus: A Axillary nerve B Ulnar nerve C Lateral cutaneous nerve of forearm D Musculocutaneous nerve E Suprascapular nerve 7. The humerus may be rotated laterally by: Therapeutic Areas and Classes of Drugs Pharmacology covers a wide range of therapeutic areas, each with its own classes of drugs. Some of the major therapeutic areas include: Cardiovascular Drugs • Antihypertensives : Drugs that lower blood pressure, such as ACE inhibitors, beta -blockers, and calcium channel blockers. • Antiarrhythmics : Drugs that treat abnormal heart rhythms, such as amiodarone and lidocaine. • Anticoagulants and Antiplatelets : Drugs that prevent blood clotting, such as warfarin, heparin, and aspirin. Therapeutic Areas and Classes of Drugs Pharmacology covers a wide range of therapeutic areas, each with its own classes of drugs. Some of the major therapeutic areas include: Cardiovascular Drugs • Antihypertensives : Drugs that lower blood pressure, such as ACE inhibitors, beta -blockers, and calcium channel blockers. • Antiarrhythmics : Drugs that treat abnormal heart rhythms, such as amiodarone and lidocaine. • Anticoagulants and Antiplatelets : Drugs that prevent blood clotting, such as warfarin, heparin, and aspirin. Therapeutic Areas and Classes of Drugs Pharmacology covers a wide range of therapeutic areas, each with its own classes of drugs. Some of the major therapeutic areas include: Cardiovascular Drugs • Antihypertensives : Drugs that lower blood pressure, such as ACE inhibitors, beta -blockers, and calcium channel blockers. • Antiarrhythmics : Drugs that treat abnormal heart rhythms, such as amiodarone and lidocaine. • Anticoagulants and Antiplatelets : Drugs that prevent blood clotting, such as warfarin, heparin, and aspirin. Therapeutic Areas and Classes of Drugs Pharmacology covers a wide range of therapeutic areas, each with its own classes of drugs. Some of the major therapeutic areas include: Cardiovascular Drugs • Antihypertensives : Drugs that lower blood pressure, such as ACE inhibitors, beta -blockers, and calcium channel blockers. • Antiarrhythmics : Drugs that treat abnormal heart rhythms, such as amiodarone and lidocaine. • Anticoagulants and Antiplatelets : Drugs that prevent blood clotting, such as warfarin, heparin, and aspirin. Therapeutic Areas and Classes of Drugs Pharmacology covers a wide range of therapeutic areas, each with its own classes of drugs. Some of the major therapeutic areas include: Cardiovascular Drugs • Antihypertensives : Drugs that lower blood pressure, such as ACE inhibitors, beta -blockers, and calcium channel blockers. • Antiarrhythmics : Drugs that treat abnormal heart rhythms, such as amiodarone and lidocaine. • Anticoagulants and Antiplatelets : Drugs that prevent blood clotting, such as warfarin, heparin, and aspirin. Therapeutic Areas and Classes of Drugs Pharmacology covers a wide range of therapeutic areas, each with its own classes of drugs. Some of the major therapeutic areas include: Cardiovascular Drugs • Antihypertensives : Drugs that lower blood pressure, such as ACE inhibitors, beta -blockers, and calcium channel blockers. • Antiarrhythmics : Drugs that treat abnormal heart rhythms, such as amiodarone and lidocaine. • Anticoagulants and Antiplatelets : Drugs that prevent blood clotting, such as warfarin, heparin, and aspirin. Therapeutic Areas and Classes of Drugs Pharmacology covers a wide range of therapeutic areas, each with its own classes of drugs. Some of the major therapeutic areas include: Cardiovascular Drugs • Antihypertensives : Drugs that lower blood pressure, such as ACE inhibitors, beta -blockers, and calcium channel blockers. • Antiarrhythmics : Drugs that treat abnormal heart A Subscapulars B Supraspinatus C Pectoralis major D Deltoid E None of the above 8. The muscle pair responsible for abducting the humerus to a right angle: A Deltoid and subscapularis B Deltoid and supraspinatus C Supraspinatus and subscapularis D Teres major and subscapularis E Deltoid and teres major 9. Abduction of the humerus is initiated by: A Supraspinatus B Infraspinatus C Deltoid D Pectoralis minor E Trapezius 10. The muscle pair which assists in elevating the arm above the head: A Trapezius and pectoralis minor B Levator scapulae and serratus anterior Therapeutic Areas and Classes of Drugs Pharmacology covers a wide range of therapeutic areas, each with its own classes of drugs. Some of the major therapeutic areas include: Cardiovascular Drugs • Antihypertensives : Drugs that lower blood pressure, such as ACE inhibitors, beta -blockers, and calcium channel blockers. • Antiarrhythmics : Drugs that treat abnormal heart rhythms, such as amiodarone and lidocaine. • Anticoagulants and Antiplatelets : Drugs that prevent blood clotting, such as warfarin, heparin, and aspirin. Therapeutic Areas and Classes of Drugs Pharmacology covers a wide range of therapeutic areas, each with its own classes of drugs. Some of the major therapeutic areas include: Cardiovascular Drugs • Antihypertensives : Drugs that lower blood pressure, such as ACE inhibitors, beta -blockers, and calcium channel blockers. • Antiarrhythmics : Drugs that treat abnormal heart rhythms, such as amiodarone and lidocaine. • Anticoagulants and Antiplatelets : Drugs that prevent blood clotting, such as warfarin, heparin, and aspirin. Therapeutic Areas and Classes of Drugs Pharmacology covers a wide range of therapeutic areas, each with its own classes of drugs. Some of the major therapeutic areas include: Cardiovascular Drugs • Antihypertensives : Drugs that lower blood pressure, such as ACE inhibitors, beta -blockers, and calcium channel blockers. • Antiarrhythmics : Drugs that treat abnormal heart rhythms, such as amiodarone and lidocaine. • Anticoagulants and Antiplatelets : Drugs that prevent blood clotting, such as warfarin, heparin, and aspirin. Therapeutic Areas and Classes of Drugs Pharmacology covers a wide range of therapeutic areas, each with its own classes of drugs. Some of the major therapeutic areas include: Cardiovascular Drugs • Antihypertensives : Drugs that lower blood pressure, such as ACE inhibitors, beta -blockers, and calcium channel blockers. • Antiarrhythmics : Drugs that treat abnormal heart rhythms, such as amiodarone and lidocaine. • Anticoagulants and Antiplatelets : Drugs that prevent blood clotting, such as warfarin, heparin, and aspirin. Therapeutic Areas and Classes of Drugs Pharmacology covers a wide range of therapeutic areas, each with its own classes of drugs. Some of the major therapeutic areas include: Cardiovascular Drugs • Antihypertensives : Drugs that lower blood pressure, such as ACE inhibitors, beta -blockers, and calcium channel blockers. • Antiarrhythmics : Drugs that treat abnormal heart rhythms, such as amiodarone and lidocaine. • Anticoagulants and Antiplatelets : Drugs that prevent blood clotting, such as warfarin, heparin, and aspirin. Therapeutic Areas and Classes of Drugs Pharmacology covers a wide range of therapeutic areas, each with its own classes of drugs. Some of the major therapeutic areas include: Cardiovascular Drugs • Antihypertensives : Drugs that lower blood pressure, such as ACE inhibitors, beta -blockers, and calcium channel blockers. • Antiarrhythmics : Drugs that treat abnormal heart rhythms, such as amiodarone and lidocaine. • Anticoagulants and Antiplatelets : Drugs that prevent blood clotting, such as warfarin, heparin, and aspirin. Therapeutic Areas and Classes of Drugs Pharmacology covers a wide range of therapeutic areas, each with its own classes of drugs. Some of the major therapeutic areas include: Cardiovascular Drugs • Antihypertensives : Drugs that lower blood pressure, such as ACE inhibitors, beta -blockers, and calcium channel blockers. • Antiarrhythmics : Drugs that treat abnormal heart C Rhomboid major and serratus anterior D Rhomboid major and levator scapulae E Trapezius and serratus anterior 11. Muscle(s) supplied by the axillary nerve: A Latissimus dorsi B Deltoid C Infraspinatus D Teres major E All of the above 12. The shoulder joint is weakest: A Above B Below C In front D Behind E Laterally 13. Nerve(s) supplying shoulder joint: A Radial B Lateral pectoral C Axillary D Suprascapular E All of the above 14. The nerve trunk most intimately related to the capsule of the