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PNVN 1521 MINERALS EXAM LATEST UPDATE
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PNVN 1521 MINERALS EXAM LATESTUPDATE
Mineral Function - ANSWER constructing tissue; initiating, regulating,
transmitting, and controlling the metabolic process.
Normal calcium level: 8.6-10.3 mg/dL.
Calcium's functions include bone and tooth creation, blood coagulation, and nerve
and muscle function.
Hypocalcemia S/S - Answer Chvostek's and Trousseau's
Normal Phosphorus Level: 2.5-4.5 mg/dL
Hypophosphatemia is caused by overconsumption of antacids containing aluminum
hydroxide.
Phosphorus's functions include acid-base balance, energy metabolism, and bone
and tooth development.
What type of interaction exists between phosphorus and calcium? - ANSWER An
inverse relationship
Hypophosphatemia s/s = muscular weakness.
Symptoms of hyperphosphatemia include muscle cramps, twitching, and tetany.
Normal sodium level: 135-145 mEq/L.
, Sodium's functions include water equilibrium, muscular action, and nutrient
absorption.
Hyponatremia s/s: ANSWER stupor.
lethargy
Weak muscles
Orthostatic hypotension
headache
seizures
Stomach cramps.
diminished consciousness.
Hypernatremia s/s - Answer: Low-grade fever.
Restlessness
Increased blood pressure and fluid retention.
Edema
Decreased urine production.
Thirsty
Agitation
Normal potassium level - ANSWER: 3.5-5 mEq/L
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