Summary Foundation Course in Physics for JEE/ NEET/ Olympiad Class 10 with Case Study Approach - 5th Edition - science
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Foundation Course in Physics for JEE/ NEET/ Olympiad Class 10 with Case Study Approach - 5th Edition
The document provides a comprehensive overview of these topics, helping students understand fundamental concepts, applications, and implications related to light, electricity, the human eye, and various sources of energy. The Q&A sections are designed to reinforce key concepts and prepare students ...
Definition: Magnetism is a force exerted by magnets when they attract or repel each other. It is
caused by the motion of electric charges.
Key Concepts:
1. Magnet: A material or object that produces a magnetic field.
○ Natural Magnets: Naturally occurring magnets (e.g., lodestone).
○ Artificial Magnets: Man-made magnets (e.g., bar magnets, horseshoe
magnets).
2. Magnetic Field:
○ The region around a magnet where magnetic forces can be detected.
○ Represented by magnetic field lines, which indicate the direction and strength of
the magnetic field.
3. Properties of Magnetic Field Lines:
○ They emerge from the north pole and merge at the south pole outside the
magnet.
○ They form closed loops, continuing through the magnet from the south pole to the
north pole.
○ They never intersect.
○ The closer the lines, the stronger the magnetic field.
4. Magnetic Poles:
○ Every magnet has two poles: north and south.
○ Like poles repel each other, and unlike poles attract each other.
5. Magnetic Materials:
○ Ferromagnetic Materials: Strongly attracted by magnets (e.g., iron, nickel,
cobalt).
○ Paramagnetic Materials: Weakly attracted by magnets (e.g., aluminum,
platinum).
○ Diamagnetic Materials: Weakly repelled by magnets (e.g., copper, bismuth).
2. Earth's Magnetism
1. Geomagnetic Field:
○ The Earth behaves like a giant magnet with its magnetic field.
○ The Earth's magnetic poles are not aligned with its geographical poles; the angle
between them is called magnetic declination.
2. Magnetic Declination and Inclination:
○ Magnetic Declination: The angle between magnetic north and true north.
○ Magnetic Inclination (Dip): The angle made by the Earth's magnetic field lines
with the horizontal plane at any location.
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