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Summary AQA A-level Biology Respiration notes
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Summary notes with detailed diagrams of each step of aerobic and anaerobic respiration. Colour coded to make it as clear as possible!
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Aerobic respirationGlycolysis
Splitting glucose into 2x pyruvate molecules
Happens in the cytoplasm
No oxygen needed
Glucose broken down to release high energy electrons so they can be used to release ATP
1. 2x ATP phosphorylate glucose
a. This destabilises glucose and lowers activation energy for future enzyme catalysed
reactions
2. Phosphorylated glucose splits into 2x triose phosphate molecules
3. NAD oxidises each triose phosphate and is itself reduced to NADH
4. 2 ADP molecules are phosphorylated to ATP per triose phosphate molecule
5. 2x pyruvate end product
Net products:
o 2x ATP
o 2x NADH
o 2x pyruvate
, Link reaction
Pyruvate converted to acetyl-coenzyme A
In mitochondrial matrix
Aerobic respiration only
Pyruvate loses CO2 and 2x Hydrogens to form acetate
Acetate binds with CoA, forming acetyl CoA
Happens twice because 2x pyruvate molecules
Net products
o 2x NADH
o 2x CO2
o 2x acetyl CoA
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